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Vol. 32 • 10 Vol. 32 • 11 Vol. 32 • 12

Published Research PapersFiltered: Year 2026 • Vol. 32 • 12

Showing 10 of 25 peer-reviewed papers with full Graphical Abstracts.

Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.008• Jan 15, 2026

Parameters Optimization of Pulse Electrodeposited Ni-Cu Coatings on Aluminum Alloy Based on Combination of Improved Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm and CRITIC-TOPSIS Method

Authors: WU Wenwei, WU Zhihao, XU Xiaobin, YE Bing, ZHOU Fei

The performance coupling contradictions among corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and thermal conductivity of 6061 aluminum alloy under harsh service conditions were addressed by developing a multi-objective optimization strategy for pulse electrodeposited Ni-Cu coatings. An L16 orthogonal array quantified the effects of current density (1.5–4.5 A/dm²), pulse duty cycle (30%–75%), and pulse frequency (200–1400 Hz) on coating properties. An improved multi-objective Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (MOAHA) incorporating Fuch chaotic mapping for initial population distribution and an enhanced crowding distance mechanism based on Euclidean metrics was combined with CRITIC-TOPSIS decision-making. The optimized parameters—current density 3.87 A/dm², duty cycle 75%, and frequency 262 Hz—produced a coating (designated YH) with microhardness 273.70 HV0.05, thermal conductivity 11.11 W/(m·K), corrosion current density 1.21 μA/cm², and wear rate 1.092×10⁻⁵ mm³/(N·m). Microstructural analysis confirmed a dense, fine-grained structure without compositional variation, validating that the multi-objective strategy achieves synergistic enhancement of hardness, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. This approach effectively balances the competing performance requirements of Ni-Cu coatings on aluminum alloy, providing a viable technical pathway for surface protection under demanding conditions.

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Parameters Optimization of Pulse Electrodeposited Ni-Cu Coatings on Aluminum Alloy Based on Combination of Improved Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm and CRITIC-TOPSIS Method

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.004• Jan 15, 2026

Test and Simulation Analysis on the Corrosion Evolution over Time of H-shaped Steel Components

Authors: LIU Zhe, GU Wenxu, BAN Huiyong, ZHOU Xuejun, WEI Ruida

H-shaped steel components are ubiquitous in steel structures, yet corrosion research has largely remained confined to two-dimensional flat plates, leaving the spatial-geometric effects on three-dimensional sections poorly quantified. This study addresses that gap through neutral salt spray (NSS) corrosion experiments on H-shaped steel specimens positioned at 0°, 45°, and 90° over corrosion cycles extending to 60 days, coupled with a three-dimensional cellular automata (3D-CA) model of the corrosion evolution. The spatial placement angle exerts a decisive influence on corrosion distribution. At 0° and 45°, the upper flange corrodes more severely than the web, while the lower flange remains least affected; the 45° specimen, however, exhibits accelerated attack because its inclined geometry prevents formation of a protective NaCl electrolyte film on the flanges. At 60 days, the 45° specimen's F1 surface shows average rust layer thickness and average pit depth exceeding those of the 0° specimen by 45.79% and 54.78%, respectively. At 90°, the W1 surface is most severely corroded, followed by the flanges, with W2 least affected. The 3D-CA model reproduces the time-dependent corrosion morphology, yielding pit depth distributions consistent with a Weibull function and agreeing with experimental pit morphology and depth within 5% error. The model is validated as a reliable predictor of spatially heterogeneous corrosion evolution in H-shaped steel, though it currently omits coupled stress and external loading effects.

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Test and Simulation Analysis on the Corrosion Evolution over Time of H-shaped Steel Components

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.005• Jan 15, 2026

Fabrication and Properties of Micro-arc Oxidation/Polyimide/CeO2 Composite Coating on Mg Alloys

Authors: CHEN Liyan, WEI Xiaoqing, WANG Chenfeng, HAO Xiaofei, LI Yan, ZHAO Xingchuan

Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings on magnesium alloys exhibit inherent micro-pores and micro-cracks that serve as corrosive pathways, limiting long-term corrosion and wear resistance. This study fabricates a polyimide (PI)/CeO2 composite coating to seal MAO defects and enhance protective performance. CeO2 particles were dispersed in a polyimide solution and applied to MAO-treated surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical testing, salt spray testing, and friction-wear testing characterized microstructure, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. Microstructural analysis shows the PI layer completely fills MAO pores, forming a dense, smooth, hydrophobic surface with contact angles of (114.6±4.2)° and (110.1±3.3)°. Electrochemical tests reveal the MAO/PI-CeO2 coating exhibits the most positive corrosion potential and lowest corrosion current density in 3.5 wt.% NaCl, far superior to single MAO and MAO/PI coatings. Salt spray testing confirms only slight local corrosion after 40 days, demonstrating excellent long-term stability. CeO2 doping densifies the PI matrix; dissolved Ce3+/Ce4+ reacts with OH– to form precipitates that seal micro-defects and inhibit cathodic reactions. The introduction of CeO2 reduces wear depth and width, significantly enhancing wear resistance. PI provides self-lubrication, while CeO2 enhances load-bearing capacity and structural integrity, reducing plastic deformation during sliding contact. The composite coating successfully seals MAO defects and significantly improves long-term corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and hydrophobicity of MAO-coated magnesium alloys.

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Fabrication and Properties of Micro-arc Oxidation/Polyimide/CeO2 Composite Coating on Mg Alloys

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.003• Jan 15, 2026

Accelerated Corrosion of Aluminum Alloy and Determination Method of Equivalent Accelerated Relationship

Authors: ZHANG Teng, WANG Changkai, ZHANG Tianyu, HE Yuting

A double-bridge connection method is proposed for rapid determination of the equivalent accelerated relationship between laboratory accelerated corrosion environment spectrum and actual atmospheric exposure for aviation aluminum alloys. The method employs corrosion electricity and corrosion weight loss as equivalent parameters, enabling calculation of the equivalent acceleration relationship without long-term outdoor exposure test pieces, using atmospheric environment monitoring data, laboratory corrosion weight loss tests, and short-term atmospheric exposure results. For ZL114A aluminum alloy, 10-year atmospheric monitoring data from a tropical marine environment were processed to compile climatic and chemical environment spectra. A laboratory accelerated corrosion environment spectrum was prepared via weighted concentration of environmental factors. Atmospheric corrosion monitoring (ACM) and electrochemical workstation measurements determined corrosion current and conversion coefficients under varying temperature, humidity, and acid solution conditions. The cumulative corrosion electricity for 10-year island atmospheric exposure was 3,050,339.15 C. Laboratory weight loss tests yielded the average corrosion weight loss rate per unit area. The equivalent acceleration relationship for ZL114A alloy under the compiled spectrum was 74 h/a. Verification via SEM, CT scanning, and fatigue testing compared surface damage morphology, pit dimensions, fatigue life, and fracture morphology of specimens exposed to atmospheric conditions for 6 months, 1 year, and laboratory accelerated corrosion for 72 h. Results confirm identical corrosion damage modes and severity consistent with the derived equivalent acceleration relationship. The 72 h accelerated specimens exhibited damage between 6-month and 1-year atmospheric exposures, closer to 1-year exposure, validating the method's feasibility.

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Accelerated Corrosion of Aluminum Alloy and Determination Method of Equivalent Accelerated Relationship

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.002• Jan 15, 2026

Research Progress on High-temperature Failure Mechanism and Efficiency Enhancement Strategy of Thermal Barrier Coatings

Authors: WU Xiaochen, JI Xiantao, SUN Hanrong, ZHANG Peikai, CUI Yue, YIN Fengshi, MA Zongqing, SHI Chengcheng, ZHAO Kai, SUN Jinzhao

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are critical for protecting aero-engine and gas-turbine hot-section components, yet conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings degrade severely above 1200 °C through phase destabilization, sintering-induced densification, and environmental attack. This review systematically analyzes high-temperature failure mechanisms governed by coupled oxidation, residual stress, and corrosion. Key degradation modes include thermally grown oxide (TGO) thickening and interfacial rumpling, tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation in YSZ, CMAS and molten-salt infiltration, and water-oxygen synergistic erosion. The dynamic interrelations and nonlinear characteristics of these failure modes are clarified. Efficiency enhancement strategies are categorized into compositional optimization (novel ceramics, multi-component solid solutions, reactive-element doping), microstructural design (lamellar, columnar, and functionally graded architectures), and post-treatment (laser remelting, vacuum heat treatment). Quantitative benchmarks demonstrate that at 1200 °C thermal cycling, BPS coatings remain intact after 250 cycles versus spallation of 8YSZ at 150 cycles, indicating a ≥67% lifetime improvement. Vacuum heat treatment suppresses bond-coat damage, reducing oxide content by ~80% and porosity by ~90% after 400 h isothermal oxidation. These findings provide a theoretical and technical basis for rational design of next-generation high-performance, long-life TBCs.

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Research Progress on High-temperature Failure Mechanism and Efficiency Enhancement Strategy of Thermal Barrier Coatings

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.007• Jan 15, 2026

Effect of STL6/TiN Composite Coating on Corrosion Resistance of F347 Stainless Steel

Authors: YU Huaming, GU Jinlong, WU Xiaokang, ZHU Gangxian, ZHANG Xing, WANG Chuanyang, LI Jiaqiang

The corrosion resistance of ASTM A182 F347 austenitic stainless steel was enhanced via a two-stage surface engineering protocol: plasma transferred arc deposition of Stellite 6 (STL6) followed by chemical vapor deposition of titanium nitride (TiN). Microstructural characterization confirmed a metallurgically bonded interface with elemental interdiffusion; the STL6 layer exhibited a graded structure from planar/equiaxed grains at the substrate to columnar dendrites and fine equiaxed grains at the surface, with minimal oxide content. Electrochemical testing in 3.5% NaCl solution revealed that the STL6/TiN composite coating reduced the corrosion current density to 0.37 μA/cm², the lowest among the three sample types (F347 substrate, F347-STL6, and F347-STL6-TiN). The composite coating also demonstrated the highest passivation potential (939 mV) and the largest impedance modulus |Z|, indicating superior passive film stability. Post-corrosion analysis showed that the F347 substrate suffered extensive deep pitting, while the STL6 coating exhibited intergranular corrosion with an oxide film. In contrast, the STL6/TiN composite coating displayed only sparse shallow pits. The improved performance is attributed to the formation of a dense Cr₂O₃ passive film on the STL6 layer and the additional barrier provided by the TiN topcoat. These findings offer a viable route for extending the service life of F347 stainless steel in aggressive environments.

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Effect of STL6/TiN Composite Coating on Corrosion Resistance of F347 Stainless Steel

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.009• Jan 15, 2026

Effects of Surface Functional Groups of Nanomaterials on Corrosion Inhibition Performance and Mechanisms

Authors: HE Chuang, NIE Yuheng, ZHENG Qiqi, HU Jiaji, LI Xingqiang, HE Haijie, YU Jing, YE Xiaowei

Surface functional groups dictate the corrosion inhibition efficiency of nanomaterials, yet isolating their single-variable effect has remained intractable because particle size and carbon core structure typically co-vary during synthesis. This study employs a post-modification strategy to prepare three carbon dot (CD) variants with nearly identical particle size and graphitization degree but distinctly different surface terminations: carboxyl-rich (OCDs), thiol-rich (SCDs), and amino-rich (NCDs). Transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirm that the carbon cores are structurally equivalent, while surface chemistry differs markedly. Weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization consistently rank inhibition efficiency (IE) in 1 mol/L HCl at 100 mg/L as NCDs (91.2%) > SCDs (86.6%) > OCDs (79.0%). The mechanism involves dual protection: adsorption film formation and induced oxide film densification. NCDs adopt a parallel adsorption configuration with the strongest binding energy, yielding the densest protective film and promoting a compact oxide layer. SCDs also adsorb in parallel but with weaker film-forming capability. OCDs cannot achieve parallel adsorption, exhibit the lowest binding energy, and produce the least dense films. These findings establish a direct structure–property relationship for surface group engineering of nanomaterial corrosion inhibitors, providing a validated experimental framework for designing high-efficiency inhibitors. The study is limited to 25 °C; future work will address temperature effects (40, 60, 80 °C), long-term dissolution–adsorption equilibria, and in situ characterization of Fe2+/Fe3+ ratios in the oxide film.

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Effects of Surface Functional Groups of Nanomaterials on Corrosion Inhibition Performance and Mechanisms

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.010• Jan 15, 2026

Effect of Porous Layer Thickness on Photocatalytic Performance of Ti/TiO2 Photoanodes Fabricated by Laser Cladding-electrochemical Dealloying

Authors: XIANG Yihou, FANG Yongyong, LUO Chengyang, ZHENG Yafeng, WU Guolong, YAO Jianhua

Bulk TiO2 photoanodes suffer from low specific surface area and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, limiting practical photocatalytic efficiency. This study systematically investigates the quantitative relationship between nanoporous layer thickness and photoelectrochemical performance of Ti/TiO2 photoanodes fabricated via a two-step laser cladding-electrochemical dealloying route. Cu67Ti33 precursor coatings were deposited on pure Ti substrates by laser cladding, followed by selective dealloying in 20 wt.% HNO3 for durations of 1 to 40 h. This process yielded a controllable porous layer thickness ranging from 0 to 260.8 μm. The sample dealloyed for 8 h (npT-8h) exhibited optimal performance: a photocurrent density of 4.54 μA/cm2, charge transfer resistance of 47.28 Ω·cm2, double-layer capacitance of 5.53 mF/cm2, and a methyl orange degradation rate constant of 0.00529 min−1, achieving 61% degradation within 180 min. The enhanced performance is attributed to a synergistic balance between charge separation/transport efficiency and surface reactive site density at the optimal thickness, with auxiliary light-trapping effects from the three-dimensional hierarchical porous network. This work establishes porous layer thickness as an independent, critical parameter for optimizing nanoporous Ti/TiO2 photoanodes, providing a theoretical and experimental framework for high-performance photoelectrode design.

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Effect of Porous Layer Thickness on Photocatalytic Performance of Ti/TiO2 Photoanodes Fabricated by Laser Cladding-electrochemical Dealloying

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.006• Jan 15, 2026

Ultraviolet Aging Resistance and Corrosion Protection Performance of Silane-modified CeO2/Epoxy Composite Coatings

Authors: YANG Yanli, SHEN Shitai, HAO Kailang, LUO Jiatao, ZHAO Kailiang, WEI Guoying, ZHU Benfeng

Aluminum-lithium alloys are critical aerospace structural materials but suffer localized corrosion in chloride environments, necessitating protective coatings that also resist ultraviolet degradation. Conventional epoxy coatings are brittle, prone to microcracking, and photodegrade under UV radiation, leading to chalking, discoloration, and loss of barrier properties. This study synthesizes sheet-like CeO2 nanoparticles via reverse precipitation and functionalizes them with vinyl triethoxysilane (VTEO) and γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550) to enhance interfacial compatibility and dispersion in an epoxy matrix. The resulting VTEO−CeO2/Epoxy and KH550−CeO2/Epoxy composite coatings are systematically characterized using FT-IR, XRD, and TEM, confirming successful silane grafting. UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy reveal that modified CeO2 absorbs UV radiation more strongly and converts it to harmless heat, delaying photoxidative degradation of aromatic ether and CH3−C bonds in the epoxy. After 168 h of UV accelerated aging, the VTEO−CeO2/Epoxy coating exhibits the lowest corrosion current density (3.175×10−7 A/cm2) and larger capacitive arc radius, indicating superior and stable corrosion resistance. Contact angle tests show minimal hydrophilicity change after aging. The self-healing mechanism involves Ce3+ reacting with water and oxygen at damage sites to form insoluble CeO2 and Ce(OH)3, blocking micropores and inhibiting corrosive media ingress. This work provides a viable strategy for multifunctional epoxy coatings with integrated UV shielding, corrosion inhibition, and autonomous self-healing for aerospace applications.

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Ultraviolet Aging Resistance and Corrosion Protection Performance of Silane-modified CeO2/Epoxy Composite Coatings

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Original ResearchVol. 32, Issue 12 • pp. 100-112DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.12.001• Jan 15, 2026

Research Progress on the Structural Design and Common Preparation Technologies of Thermal Barrier Coatings

Authors: ZHOU Xinnuo, ZHANG Ping

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are critical for extending the service life of high-temperature components in gas turbines and aeroengines. This review systematically examines the structural design and preparation technologies of TBCs, focusing on the evolution from double-layer to multi-layer architectures. Double-layer systems on nickel-based superalloys, steels, and aluminum alloys are analyzed, alongside multi-layer configurations such as dual bond coats and bond coat + multi-layer ceramic structures. The intrinsic correlations between microstructure and performance for coatings deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) are elucidated. APS produces lamellar porous structures with thermal conductivity as low as 0.8–1.2 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, while EB-PVD yields columnar structures with superior strain tolerance. A2B2O7-type pyrochlore ceramics, such as Gd2Zr2O7, exhibit lower thermal conductivity (1.2–1.6 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹) and enhanced CMAS resistance compared to conventional YSZ. Multi-layer composite coatings incorporating these materials demonstrate improved thermal cycling life and corrosion resistance. The review identifies key bottlenecks, including sintering-induced degradation and CMAS attack, and outlines future directions involving novel materials, process integration, and advanced structural design. This work provides a systematic theoretical basis and technical pathway for developing high-performance TBCs for extreme operating conditions.

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Research Progress on the Structural Design and Common Preparation Technologies of Thermal Barrier Coatings

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