Surface Technology (表面技术)•2026•DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.10.008
Traditional continuous galvanizing of steel strips faces escalating energy consumption, wettability limitations on advanced high-strength steels, and hydrogen embrittlement risks. This study establishes and experimentally validates a coupled Hertz-Knudsen evaporation and choked-flow jet deposition model for a continuous thermal jet physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. Using SPCC cold-rolled steel strips at a substrate temperature of 160 °C, zinc vapor generated in a crucible (913–943 K) is transported through a vapor distribution box and accelerated to supersonic velocity (Mach > 1) via a Laval nozzle. Theoretical coating thicknesses (9.49–15.42 µm) agree with measured values (9.22 ± 0.2 to 13.2 ± 0.6 µm), confirming model validity. Compared with non-continuous vacuum evaporation, the continuous thermal jet-PVD process increases deposition rate from 5 nm/s to 1.32 × 10^4 nm/s (2,600-fold), coating density from 86.3% to 97.4%, gloss from 3.7 GU to 30 GU (8-fold), and adhesion critical load from 24,316 mN to 34,618 mN (42% increase). Corrosion current density decreases from 66.4 µA/cm² to 27.8 µA/cm² (58% reduction), and neutral salt spray red-rust time extends from 48 h to 72 h. Microstructural analysis reveals a transition from hexagonal crystallites with random orientation to a microcrystalline structure with a dominant (102) texture. This dense (102)-oriented coating acts as a physical barrier against chloride ion penetration and promotes a protective corrosion product layer, offering a high-speed, clean alternative to conventional hot-dip and electro-galvanizing.
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2026•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67060-4
The microstructural evolution and property response of Cu−0.3Be−2.0Ni and Cu−0.3Be−2.0Ni−0.2Al alloys subjected to solution treatment at 950 °C for 30 min, 70% cold rolling, and aging at 450 °C for 60 min were systematically investigated. The baseline Cu−0.3Be−2.0Ni alloy precipitates predominantly the Ni−Be phase with a transformation sequence of γ″→γ′→γ, whereas the Al-modified alloy exhibits co-precipitation of Ni3Al and nanoscale Be−Ni phases. This synergistic precipitation yields a hardness of HV 268, yield strength of 824 MPa, tensile strength of 881 MPa, elongation of 9%, and electrical conductivity of 47% IACS in the Cu−0.3Be−2.0Ni−0.2Al alloy, compared to HV 238, 785 MPa, 840 MPa, 10%, and 50% IACS for the Al-free counterpart. Relative to conventional aging, thermo-mechanical treatment increases hardness by 13% and conductivity by 6.8% in the Al-containing alloy, while the Al-free alloy shows a 6% hardness increase with marginal conductivity improvement. The co-precipitation mechanism effectively compensates for the strength loss typically associated with reduced Be content, demonstrating a viable pathway for low-cost, high-performance Cu−Be alloys.
Nano-Micro Letters•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01889-9
Aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) are promising candidates for renewable energy storage, yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth. Although organic additives can enhance the antifreeze properties of electrolytes, their weak polarity diminishes ionic conductivity, and their flammability poses safety concerns, undermining the inherent advantages of aqueous systems. Herein, we present a cost-effective and highly stable Na2SO4 additive introduced into a Zn(ClO4)2-based electrolyte to create an organic-free antifreeze electrolyte. Through Raman spectroscopy, in situ optical microscopy, density functional theory computations, and molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that Na+ ions improve low-temperature electrolyte performance and mitigate dendrite formation by regulating uniform Zn2+ deposition through preferential adsorption and electrostatic interactions. As a result, the Zn||Zn cells using this electrolyte achieve a remarkable cycling life of 360 h at −40 °C with 61% depth of discharge, and the Zn||PANI cells retained an ultrahigh capacity retention of 91% even after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at −40 °C. This work proposes a cost-effective and practical approach for enhancing the long-term operational stability of AZMBs in low-temperature environments.
Nano-Micro Letters•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01978-9
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are among the most cutting-edge catalysts in the multiphase catalysis track due to their unique geometrical and electronic properties, the highest atom utilization efficiency, and uniform active sites. SACs have been facing an unresolved problem in practical applications: the opposing contradiction of activity-stability. The successful development of single-atom nano-islands (SANIs) cleverly combines the ultra-high atom utilization efficiency of SACs with the confinement effect and structural stability of nano-island structures, realizing the “moving but not aggregation” of SACs, which fundamentally solves this inherent contradiction. Although research on the precise loading of single atoms on nano-islands continues to advance, existing reviews have not yet established a closed-loop cognitive framework encompassing “models-synthesis-high stability mechanisms-high activity essence-applications.” This work fills this critical gap by systematically integrating the basic conceptual models and cutting-edge synthesis strategies of SANIs, focusing on revealing the underlying mechanisms by which SANIs overcome the stability bottleneck of SACs, elucidating the role of nano-islands and their synergistic mechanisms to clarify the high activity essence, and establishing the structure–activity relationship between atomic confinement effects and macroscopic performance, ultimately achieving breakthrough validation across catalytic systems. This review aims to open new perspectives, drive a paradigm shift in understanding the multi-dimensional advantages of SANIs, and thereby spur breakthrough progress in this frontier field.
Nano-Micro Letters (纳微快报)•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01888-w
Human action recognition (HAR) is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision, where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks across sensor-processor interfaces. However, the absence of interactions among versatile biomimicking functionalities within a single device, which was developed for specific vision tasks, restricts the computational capacity, practicality, and scalability of in-sensor vision computing. Here, we propose a bioinspired vision sensor composed of a GaN/AlN-based ultrathin quantum-disks-in-nanowires (QD-NWs) array to mimic not only Parvo cells for high-contrast vision and Magno cells for dynamic vision in the human retina but also the synergistic activity between the two cells for in-sensor vision computing. By simply tuning the applied bias voltage on each QD-NW-array-based pixel, we achieve two biosimilar photoresponse characteristics with slow and fast reactions to light stimuli that enhance the in-sensor image quality and HAR efficiency, respectively. Strikingly, the interplay and synergistic interaction of the two photoresponse modes within a single device markedly increased the HAR recognition accuracy from 51.4% to 81.4% owing to the integrated artificial vision system. The demonstration of an intelligent vision sensor offers a promising device platform for the development of highly efficient HAR systems and future smart optoelectronics.
Journal of Central South University•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-026-6206-5
Precise differential travel-time measurement is essential for earthquake relative locating. The waveform cross-correlation (WCC) technique is widely regarded as the most effective method for calculating the differential travel-time of seismic phases. However, for earthquake pairs with large magnitude differences, substantial biases can arise due to disparities in the duration of the initial pulse, potentially leading to significant mislocations, particularly for mainshocks. To overcome this limitation, we propose to use the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm to optimize differential travel-time calculation. Using high-quality earthquake waveform data from the San Andreas Fault (2012 −2019), we systematically compared the performance of DTW and WCC, respectively. Our results demonstrate that DTW substantially improves differential travel-time measurements, especially in cases involving large magnitude differences. In addition, we tested the robustness of DTW using noisy seismic data, demonstrating its superior resilience to noise.
China Foundry•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s41230-025-4031-3
Columnar to equiaxial crystal transition (CET) is an important technological feature in many casting processes. This work investigated the CET during the solidification of Mg-Gd-Zn alloys by combining synchrotron radiation in-situ imaging and phase-field method. Results show that the grain size, dendrite tip radius, and secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) all exponentially decrease with an increase in cooling rate (Vc). The variation in the radius of the dendritic tip is similar to the prediction of the Hunt model, while the variation in the SDAS is close to the Bouchard-Kirkaldy model. It is worth noting that the CET is promoted by a decrease in the temperature gradient (G) and an increase in the cooling rate (Vc). In both equiaxed and columnar crystal regions, the dendrite tip growth rate and solid phase volume fraction increase with increasing G and Vc. In addition, the CET process has been predicted by simulation. The results are consistent with the predictions of the GTK model, which is important for the in-depth study of the dendrite morphology in different crystallization regions. In the final stage, the effects of different critical subcooling degrees and nucleation densities on the CET were explored. The results show that increasing the critical nucleation supercooling degree can inhibit the generation of equiaxial crystals, while increasing the nucleation density helps to promote the CET.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01701-8
Silicon stands as a key anode material in lithium-ion battery ascribing to its high energy density. Nevertheless, the poor rate performance and limited cycling life remain unresolved through conventional approaches that involve carbon composites or nanostructures, primarily due to the un-controllable effects arising from the substantial formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) during the cycling. Here, an ultra-thin and homogeneous Ti doping alumina oxide catalytic interface is meticulously applied on the porous Si through a synergistic etching and hydrolysis process. This defect-rich oxide interface promotes a selective adsorption of fluoroethylene carbonate, leading to a catalytic reaction that can be aptly described as “molecular concentration-in situ conversion”. The resultant inorganic-rich SEI layer is electrochemical stable and favors ion-transport, particularly at high-rate cycling and high temperature. The robustly shielded porous Si, with a large surface area, achieves a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 84.7% and delivers exceptional high-rate performance at 25 A g−1 (692 mAh g−1) and a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.7% over 1000 cycles. The robust SEI constructed through a precious catalytic layer promises significant advantages for the fast development of silicon-based anode in fast-charging batteries.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01676-6
Rapid population growth in recent decades has intensified both the global energy crisis and the challenges posed by climate change, including global warming. Currently, the increased frequency of extreme weather events and large fluctuations in ambient temperature disrupt thermal comfort and negatively impact health, driving a growing dependence on cooling and heating energy sources. Consequently, efficient thermal management has become a central focus of energy research. Traditional thermal management systems consume substantial energy, further contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, emergent radiant thermal management technologies that rely on renewable energy have been proposed as sustainable alternatives. However, achieving year-round thermal management without additional energy input remains a formidable challenge. Recently, dynamic radiative thermal management technologies have emerged as the most promising solution, offering the potential for energy-efficient adaptation across seasonal variations. This review systematically presents recent advancements in dynamic radiative thermal management, covering fundamental principles, switching mechanisms, primary materials, and application areas. Additionally, the key challenges hindering the broader adoption of dynamic radiative thermal management technologies are discussed. By highlighting their transformative potential, this review provides insights into the design and industrial scalability of these innovations, with the ultimate aim of promoting renewable energy integration in thermal management applications.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2026-41-03-07)
Conventional lignin-based carbons typically have sluggish ion transport and a limited number of active sites, which restrict their performance as electrodes in supercapacitors. A Moiré-like morphology was engineered by the in-situ deposition of lignin carbon onto DVD matrix onto lignin carbon for the fabrication of a photo-assisted supercapacitor (PASC). The Moiré-like structure modulates light propagation across different frequencies by dispersion effects, thereby increasing surface light absorption and improving the electrochemical performance of the PASC. Under illumination, the carbon has a specific capacitance of 253.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, corresponding to a 35.6% improvement over one without this grating surface (186.9 F g−1). A symmetrical capacitor using this material has an areal capacitance of 58.84 mF cm−2 and an energy density of 4.46 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 365.2 W kg−1, maintaining 85.2% of its initial capacitance after 5000 cycles, thus demonstrating excellent cycling stability. This work suggests a cost-effective strategy to simultaneously improve the light-harvesting ability and capacitive performance of PASCs.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2024-39-03-01)
The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an environmentally friendly way to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals. However, CO2 conversion is a complex process, which contains 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 electron transfer processes. It is very important to develop efficient catalysts to precisely control the number of electron transfers for the chemicals required. Single-metal catalysts have some deficiencies, including slow reaction kinetics, low product selectivity and inadequate stability. In response to these challenges, bimetallic catalysts have received significant attention owing to their unique structure and improved performance. The introduction of secondary metals alters the catalyst’s electronic structure, and creates novel active sites, as well as optimizing their interaction with the intermediates. This review provides a comprehensive account of atomically distributed bimetals based on carbon materials and non-atomic distributed bimetals such as alloys and heterostructures, including their synthesis methods, characterization, and the outcomes of different catalysts. Catalytic mechanisms of different bimetallic catalysts are proposed and challenges encountered in the CO2RR are considered.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2025•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25030012
In recent years, research advancements have highlighted the critical role of the A-site cation in determining the optoelectronic and physicochemical properties of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites. Mixed-cation perovskites (MCPs) have been extensively used as absorber thin films in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCE) over 26%. The incorporation of mixed cations has led to a more optimal tolerance factor for the crystal structure, enhancing structural stability and providing additional functionalities to improve the chemical stability of the absorber thin films. However, mixed-cation perovskite absorbers often experience element and phase segregation, which can reduce device efficiency and operational lifespan. This segregation is a widespread phenomenon observed across various types of MCPs, whether in 2D or 3D structures. Therefore, understanding the fundamental causes of non-uniformity and phase segregation, as well as effective nanoscale regulatory strategies, is essential for enhancing the performance of PSCs. The development of high-quality MCPs with highly uniform cation distribution and stable phases is critical for addressing the stability challenges in PSCs.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-024-3066-6
The rapid growth of semiconductor, photovoltaic, and other emerging industries has led to a sharp increase in the demand for high-purity quartz in China, particularly 4N5-grade (99.995% pure SiO2). However, heavy reliance on imported high-purity quartz poses a significant risk to the security of key national strategic industries. To address this challenge, China is focusing on identifying domestic sources of high-purity quartz and developing efficient evaluation methods. This study investigates the inclusion content in three types of quartz: pegmatite, vein quartz, and white granite. A grading system based on the transmittance of quartz grains was established by analyzing the number of inclusions. Five quartz ore samples from different regions were purified, and the resulting concentrates were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The relationships among the inclusion content of raw quartz, impurity composition of purified quartz, and quality of sintered fused quartz products were examined. The findings demonstrate that quartz with fewer inclusions results in lower impurity levels after purification, higher SiO2 purity, and more translucent glass, as confirmed by firing tests. Herein, this study establishes a clear connection between quartz inclusions and the overall quality of high-purity quartz. The proposed approach enables the rapid assessment of quartz deposit quality by identifying inclusions, offering a practical and efficient method for locating high-quality quartz resources.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering•2025•DOI: 10.1186/s10033-025-01197-8
During the metal cutting process, especially in continuous contact conditions like turning, the challenge of lubricants failing to effectively reach the cutting point remains unresolved. Micro-textured cutting tools offer a potential solution for tool-chip contact challenges. Inspired by the evolutionary achievements of the biosphere, micro-textures are expected to overcome lubrication limitations in cutting zones. Drawing on the anti-gravity water transport seen at the mouth edge of the Nepenthes plant, an innovative microchannel with Nepenthes-shaped contours was designed on the rake face to enable controlled lubricant transport. However, the dynamics of lubricant delivery on textured surfaces are not fully understood. This study first analyzed the microstructure and water transport mechanism of Nepenthes to reconstruct a micro-textured surface for controlled lubricant transport. A dynamic model was then developed to describe lubricant transport within open microchannels, with mathematical simulations predicting transport speed and flow distance. To validate this model, diffusion experiments of alumina soybean oil nanolubricant on polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutting tool surfaces were conducted, showing an average prediction deviation of 5.01%. Compared with the classical Lucas-Washburn model, the new model improved prediction accuracy by 4.72%. Additionally, comparisons were made to examine droplet spreading and non-uniform diffusion on textured surfaces, revealing that the T2 surface exhibited the strongest unidirectional diffusion characteristics. The contact angle ratio, droplet unidirectional spreading ratio, and droplet spreading aspect ratio were 0.48, 1.75, and 3.99, respectively. Finally, the anti-wear, friction-reducing, and efficiency-enhancing mechanisms of micro-textured surfaces in minimum quantity lubrication turning were analyzed. This approach may support continuous cutting of difficult-to-machine materials.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering•2025•DOI: 10.1186/s10033-025-01274-y
Intelligent manufacturing (IM), a driving force behind the fourth industrial revolution, is reshaping the manufacturing sector by enhancing productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. Despite the rapid technological advancements in IM, comprehensive bibliometric reviews remain limited. This article systematically reviews the latest research in IM, addressing emerging hotspots, key technologies, and their applications across the entire product manufacturing cycle. Bibliometric analysis is employed to identify research trends visualize publication volume, collaboration patterns, research domains, co-citations, and emerging areas of interest. The article then examines key technologies supporting IM, including sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), digital twins, and virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR). Furthermore, it explores the application of these technologies throughout the manufacturing cycle—from intelligent reliability design, material transportation and tracking, to intelligent planning and scheduling, machining and fabrication, monitoring and maintenance, quality inspection and control, warehousing and management, and sustainable green manufacturing—through specific case studies. Lastly, the article discusses future research directions, highlighting the increasing global market and the need for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration, technological integration, computing power upgrades, and attention to security and privacy in IM. This study provides valuable insights for scholars and serves as a guide for future research and strategic investment decisions, offering a comprehensive view of the IM field.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering•2025•DOI: 10.1186/s10033-025-01292-w
Distributed drive electric vehicles (DDEVs) endow the ability to improve vehicle stability performance through direct yaw-moment control (DYC). However, the nonlinear characteristics pose a great challenge to vehicle dynamics control. For this purpose, this paper studies the DYC through the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-based model predictive control to deal with the nonlinear challenge. First, a T-S fuzzy-based vehicle dynamics model is established to describe the time-varying tire cornering stiffness and vehicle speeds, and thus the uncertain parameters can be represented by the norm-bounded uncertainties. Then, a robust model predictive control (MPC) is developed to guarantee vehicle handling stability. A feasible solution can be obtained through a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the tests are conducted by the Carsim/Simulink joint platform to verify the proposed method. The comparative results show that the proposed strategy can effectively guarantee the vehicle’s lateral stability while handling the nonlinear challenge.
Journal of Central South University•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-025-6101-5
Eco-friendly electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is aimed to replace the traditional polluting industrial process, but NRR needs electrocatalysts with high selectivity and activity to boost desired NH3 yield rate and Faradic efficiency (FE). In this work, high-entropy sulfides (HES) (FeCoNiMoM)Sx (M=Cr, Cu, Mn) were synthesized via a two-step solvothermal method. The optimized composition for HES is (FeCoNiMoCr)Sx, with promising NRR performance that NH3 yield rate reached 47.97 μg/(h·mgcat) at −0.7 V vs RHE and FE was 26.1% at −0.4 V vs RHE. Comprehensive characterization and electrochemical testing were performed to investigate the effects of the metal component on NRR performance. It reveals that (FeCoNiMoCr)Sx shows more intense charge transport, more electrocatalytic active sites, higher selectivity, etc, resulting from the electron transport and element synergy of HES. Also, it is proved to have targeted NRR selectivity and limiting competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. The results offer promising guidance for further improving the NRR electrocatalysts based on transition elements.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-025-3177-8
Lead-free vacancy-ordered double perovskites have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications due to their environmentally friendly characteristics and exceptional properties. However, conventional synthesis methods often depend on toxic reagents and stringent conditions, limiting their large-scale synthesis and practical application. In this work, an environmentally friendly synthesis route was proposed for preparing vacancy-ordered double perovskites Cs2SnX6 (X = Cl, Br, and I) with high crystallinity under low-temperature and ambient-pressure conditions. This method utilizes ion liquid (i.e., 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Bmim]Br) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ([Bmim]I)) in combination with saturated aqueous solutions of ammonium halides as solvents, replacing traditional hydrogen halide acid or polar organic solvents. Experimental and characterization results demonstrate that the Cs2SnX6 (X = Cl, Br, and I) possess high crystallinity, well-defined morphology, and improved thermal stability. These improvements are attributed to the hydrogen bonding interactions between ionic liquids and the perovskite precursors. Additionally, the halogen-rich environment provided by ionic liquids and ammonium halide salts facilitates defect passivation. Furthermore, this method is applicable to the synthesis of doped perovskite crystals, demonstrated by the successful synthesis of Bi-doped Cs2SnCl6 crystals with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 12.73%. This study presents a novel strategy for synthesizing high-quality vacancy-ordered double perovskites and their doping or alloyed compounds.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-025-3145-3
The endpoint carbon content in the converter is critical for the quality of steel products, and accurately predicting this parameter is an effective way to reduce alloy consumption and improve smelting efficiency. However, most scholars currently focus on modifying methods to enhance model accuracy, while overlooking the extent to which input parameters influence accuracy. To address this issue, in this study, a prediction model for the endpoint carbon content in the converter was developed using factor analysis (FA) and support vector machine (SVM) optimized by improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO). Analysis of the factors influencing the endpoint carbon content during the converter smelting process led to the identification of 21 input parameters. Subsequently, FA was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and applied to the prediction model. The results demonstrate that the performance of the FA–IPSO–SVM model surpasses several existing methods, such as twin support vector regression and support vector machine. The model achieves hit rates of 89.59%, 96.21%, and 98.74% within error ranges of ±0.01%, ±0.015%, and ±0.02%, respectively. Finally, based on the prediction results obtained by sequentially removing input parameters, the parameters were classified into high influence (5%–7%), medium influence (2%–5%), and low influence (0–2%) categories according to their varying degrees of impact on prediction accuracy. This classification provides a reference for selecting input parameters in future prediction models for endpoint carbon content.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-024-2983-8
The evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of WE43 magnesium alloy during multipass hot rolling was investigated. Results revealed that multipass hot rolling promoted the formation of small second phases, which was conducive to multiple dynamic recrystallization, consequently improving the microstructure homogeneity and refining the average grain size from 34.3 μm in the initial material to 8.83 μm. Meanwhile, the rolling deformation rotated abundant c-axis of the grains in the normal direction, resulting in a strong fiber texture. The yield strength in the rolling direction (RD) was improved from 164 MPa in the initial material to 324 MPa in the Pass 3 sheet due to fine-grained strengthening, second-phase strengthening, and texture modification. In addition, the distribution maps of the deformation mechanism indicated that the yield strength anisotropy between the RD and the transverse direction (TD) can be attributed to the effects of the texture component on the dominant mechanism. The dominant deformation mechanism during the tensile test was the prismatic slip caused by the strong basal texture of the RD, whereas it had a lesser proportion of prismatic slip under the influence of the weak basal texture of the TD. Compared to the basal slip, the higher critical resolved shear stress of the prismatic slip resulted in a higher increase in yield strength along the RD at approximately 51 MPa than that along the TD (RD: increase of 160 MPa; TD: increase of 109 MPa).
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-024-2969-6
Simultaneously achieving high strength and high electrical conductivity in Cu–Ni–Si alloys pose a significant challenge, which greatly constrains its applications in the electronics industry. This paper offers a new pathway to improve properties, by preparation of nanometer lamellar discontinuous precipitates (DPs) arranged with the approximate same direction through a combination of deformation-aging and cold rolling process. The strengthening effect is primarily attributed to nanometer-lamellar DPs strengthening and dislocation strengthening mechanism. The accumulation of dislocations at the interface between nanometer lamellar DPs and matrix during cold deformation process can results in the decrease of dislocation density inside the matrix grains, leading to the acceptably slight reduction of electrical conductivity during cold rolling. The alloy exhibits an electrical conductivity of 45.32%IACS (international annealed copper standard, IACS), a tensile strength of 882.67 MPa, and a yield strength of 811.33 MPa by this method. This study can provide a guidance for the composition and microstructure design of a Cu–Ni–Si alloy in the future, by controlling the morphology and distribution of DPs.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-024-2957-x
Cyanide is the most widely used reagent in gold production processes. However, cyanide is highly toxic and poses safety hazards during transportation and use. Therefore, it is necessary to develop gold leaching reagents that can replace cyanide. This paper introduces a method for synthesizing a gold leaching reagent. Sodium cyanate is used as the main raw material, with sodium hydroxide and sodium ferrocyanide used as additives. The gold leaching reagent can be obtained under the conditions of a mass ratio of sodium cyanate, sodium hydroxide, and sodium ferrocyanide of 15:3:1, synthesis temperature of 600°C, and synthesis time of 1 h. This reagent has a good recovery effect on gold concentrate and gold-containing electronic waste. The gold leaching rate of roasted desulfurized gold concentrate can reach 87.56%. For the extraction experiments of three types of gold-containing electronic waste, the gold leaching rate can reach over 90% after 2 h. Furthermore, the reagent exhibits good selectivity towards gold. Component analysis indicates that the effective component in the reagent could be sodium isocyanate.