Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2026•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67058-6
Twin-roll casting (TRC) Mg−3Al−1Sn−0.5Ca−0.2Mn (ATXM) alloys exhibit limited deformation resistance and inadequate corrosion performance, constraining their commercial deployment. This study integrates rare earth (RE) microalloying (Sm, Ce, or Y at 0.1 wt.%) with rolling to address the strength–plasticity–corrosion trilemma. Rolling reduces grain size from ~50 μm to below 5 μm and transforms Al8Mn5 secondary phases into Al8Mn4RE, modifying phase composition, dimension, and spatial arrangement. The rolled ATXM-0.1Y alloy achieves a yield strength of 238 MPa, tensile strength of 305 MPa, and elongation of 23%, coupled with a corrosion rate of approximately 1.7 mm/a—an ~80% reduction relative to TRC ATXM. Sm and Ce additions yield strengths of 238 and 232 MPa, elongations of 18% and 17%, and corrosion rates of 3.4 and 2.9 mm/a, respectively. Strengthening mechanisms are attributed to fine-grain and Orowan strengthening, while corrosion mitigation arises from reduced individual galvanic corrosion and enhanced protective corrosion product film quality. The work establishes a screening protocol for RE elements and processing parameters to synergistically improve mechanical and corrosion properties, facilitating commercial adoption of Mg alloys.
Nano-Micro Letters•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02005-7
Three-dimensional (3D)-printed graphene aerogels hold promise for electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) engineering due to its ultralow density, outstanding electromagnetic dissipation with the flexibility and precision of manufacturing strategies. However, their high conductivity causes severe impedance mismatch, limiting EWA performance. 3D printing requirements also constrain the dielectric properties of printable graphene inks, hindering the integration of high-performance absorbers with advanced manufacturing. This study proposes a polyacrylic acid (PAA) gel-mediated 3D porous graphene oxide (GO) aerogel multiscale regulation strategy. Precise gel content control enables dual-gradient tuning of the rheology (Benefiting direct ink writing (DIW)) and dielectric loss (Enhancing EWA) of GO/PAA composites and reduces aerogel density (6.9 mg cm−3 from 28.2 mg cm−3). Thermal reduction decomposes PAA into amorphous carbon nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO), enhancing impedance matching and absorption via synergistic 0D/2D interfacial polarization and conductive loss. The optimized rGO/PAA aerogel achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL) of −39.86 dB at 2.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 8.36 GHz (9.64–18 GHz) at 3.2 mm. Combining DIW and this aerogel, we design a metamaterial absorber (MA) with dual material (dielectric loss) and structural gradients. This MA exhibits an ultrawide EAB of 14 GHz (4–18 GHz) with a total thickness of 7.8 mm. This work establishes a coupled design paradigm of “composition-structure-performance,” providing an engineerable solution for developing lightweight, broadband EWA materials.
Nano-Micro Letters•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02015-5
UV-absorbing additives have recently been demonstrated to be effective interfacial modifiers that simultaneously enhance the UV stability and crystallization of halide perovskite. However, the underlying mechanisms concerning UV absorption, defect passivation, and efficacy optimization of these additives remain unresolved. Herein, two UV tautomeric absorbers (UV320 and UV327) are selected as defect-passivators for perovskites. The keto–enol tautomeric evolution processes and corresponding defect passivation performance/mechanism of both the original molecules and their tautomers are thoroughly compared and elucidated through experimental characterizations and density functional theory calculations. The additional carbonyl (–C=O) groups generated through the keto–enol tautomeric process triggered by the Cl atom in UV327 ultimately provide superior chemical coordination and enhanced defect-passivation capability compared to the original counterparts. Moreover, the versatility of K-UV327 is further demonstrated by its optimization of SnO2 film quality, interfacial energy band alignment, charge extraction efficiency, and defect state suppression. The photodetector optimized by UV327’s tautomer achieves an ultralow dark current density of 3.22 × 10−10 A cm−2, an enhanced linear dynamic range of 94.14 dB, and a fast response time of 23.35/26.19 μs. Notably, unencapsulated devices maintain a stable response at 3900 Hz following 300 h exposure to 40% ± 5% relative humidity and 30 h UV irradiation.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01767-4
Manganese-based chalcogenides have significant potential as anodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high theoretical specific capacity, abundant natural reserves, and environmental friendliness. However, their application is hindered by poor cycling stability, resulting from severe volume changes during cycling and slow reaction kinetics due to their complex crystal structure. Here, an efficient and straightforward strategy was employed to in-situ encapsulate single-phase porous nanocubic MnS0.5Se0.5 into carbon nanofibers using electrospinning and the hard template method, thus forming a necklace-like porous MnS0.5Se0.5-carbon nanofiber composite (MnS0.5Se0.5@N-CNF). The introduction of Se significantly impacts both the composition and microstructure of MnS0.5Se0.5, including lattice distortion that generates additional defects, optimization of chemical bonds, and a nano-spatially confined design. In situ/ex-situ characterization and density functional theory calculations verified that this MnS0.5Se0.5@N-CNF alleviates the volume expansion and facilitates the transfer of Na+/electron. As expected, MnS0.5Se0.5@N-CNF anode demonstrates excellent sodium storage performance, characterized by high initial Coulombic efficiency (90.8%), high-rate capability (370.5 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1) and long durability (over 5000 cycles at 5 A g−1). The MnS0.5Se0.5@N-CNF //NVP@C full cell, assembled with MnS0.5Se0.5@N-CNF as anode and Na3V2(PO4)3@C as cathode, exhibits a high energy density of 254 Wh kg−1 can be provided. This work presents a novel strategy to optimize the design of anode materials through structural engineering and Se substitution, while also elucidating the underlying reaction mechanisms.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2025-5-2)
This data set collects, compares and contrasts the capacities and structures of a series of hard carbon materials, and then searches for correlations between structure and electrochemical performance. The capacity data of the hard carbons were obtained by charge/discharge tests and the materials were characterized by XRD, gas adsorption, true density tests and SAXS. In particular, the fitting of SAXS gave a series of structural parameters which showed good characterization. The related test details are given with the structural data of the hard carbons and the electrochemical performance of the sodium-ion batteries.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2024-39-02-09)
It is imperative to design suitable anode materials for both lithium-ion (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with a high-rate performance and ultralong cycling life. We fabricated a MoO2/MoS2 heterostructure that was then homogeneously distributed in N,S-doped carbon nanofibers (MoO2/MoS2@NSC) by electrospinning and sulfurization. The one-dimensional carbon fiber skeleton serves as a conductive frame to decrease the diffusion pathway of Li+/Na+, while the N/S doping creates abundant active sites and significantly improves the ion diffusion kinetics. Moreover, the deposition of MoS2 nanosheets on the MoO2 bulk phase produces an interface that enables fast Li+/Na+ transport, which is crucial for achieving high efficiency energy storage. Consequently, as the anode for LIBs, MoO2/MoS2@NSC gives an excellent cycling stability of 640 mAh g−1 for 2000 cycles under 5.0 A g−1 with an ultralow average capacity drop of 0.002% per cycle and an exceptional rate capability of 614 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1. In SIBs, it also produces a significantly better electrochemical performance (reversible capacity of 242 mAh g−1 under 2.0 A g−1 for 2000 cycles and 261 mAh g−1 under 5.0 A g−1). This work shows how introducing a novel interface in the anode can produce rapid Li+/Na+ storage kinetics and a long cycling performance.
China Foundry•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s41230-024-4050-5
Abstract: The directional annealing technique is widely used to prepare columnar grains or single crystals. To investigate the effect of hot zone temperature and temperature gradient on the growth of columnar crystals, Ti43Al alloys were heat treated by the directional annealing technique and their mechanical properties were tested. The results show that columnar grains with a maximum size of 22.29 mm can be obtained at a hot zone temperature of 1,350 °C and a temperature gradient of 8 K·mm-1. During the directional annealing process, Ti43Al alloys are heated to α single-phase domain to start the phase transformation. Columnar grains with a microstructure of fully lamellar colonies are obtained at different hot zone temperatures and temperature gradients. The distribution of the orientation difference for the α2 phase was found to be more random, suggesting that the growth of the columnar crystals may be stochastic in nature. Tensile testing results show that the strength and elongation of directional annealed Ti43Al alloy at 1,400 °C-8 K·mm-1 are 411.23 MPa and 2.29%, and the remaining directional annealed alloys show almost plasticity.
Journal of Central South University•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-025-6133-x
Based on MTS Landmark 370.50 rock dynamic and static load fatigue test system and acoustic emission (AE) monitoring method, the damage characteristics and energy evolution law of high static load coal-rock combination (CRC) under the influence of dynamic load parameters were studied. The main results are as follows: 1) Dynamic load increases the rheological properties and damage fracture development of CRC. With the increase of the amplitude and frequency of the dynamic load, the number of dynamic load cycles required for the failure of the CRC decreases, the irreversible strain increases, and the failure of sample accelerates; 2) The AE positioning events during the loading process of the specimen decrease with the increase of the dynamic load amplitude, and increase with the increase of the dynamic load frequency; 3) The fractal dimension, total energy and cumulative elastic energy of the broken particles of the CRC increase with the increase of the amplitude and frequency of the dynamic load. The fractal dimension corresponding to the increase of the dynamic load frequency is larger, and the energy and cumulative elastic energy corresponding to the increase of the dynamic load amplitude are larger.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-025-3188-5
In the context of reducing its carbon emissions, the Chinese steel industry is currently undergoing an intelligent transformation to enhance its profitability and sustainability. The optimization of production planning and scheduling plays a pivotal role in realizing these objectives such as improving production efficiency, saving energy, reducing carbon emissions, and enhancing quality. However, current practices in steel enterprises are largely dependent on experience-driven manual decision approaches supported by information systems, which are inadequate to meet the complex requirements of the industry. This study explores the current situation in production planning and scheduling, analyzes the characteristics and limitations of existing methods, and emphasizes the necessity and trends of intelligent systems. It surveys the current literature on production planning and scheduling in steel enterprises and analyzes the theoretical advancements and practical challenges associated with combinatorial and sequential optimization in this field. A key focus is on the limitations of current models and algorithms in effectively addressing the multi-objective and multiconstraint characteristics of steel production. To overcome these challenges, a novel framework for intelligent production planning and scheduling is proposed. This framework leverages data- and knowledge-driven decision-making and scenario adaptability, enabling the system to respond dynamically to real-time production conditions and market fluctuations. By integrating artificial intelligence and advanced optimization methodologies, the proposed framework improves the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability of steel manufacturing.