A new anode material for high rate and long life lithium/sodium storage

• A novel MoO2/MoS2 heterostructure embedded in N,S-doped carbon nanofibers (MoO2/MoS2@NSC) was synthesized via electrospinning and sulfurization, exhibiting exceptional electrochemical performance for both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. • The one-dimensional carbon fiber skeleton and N/S doping synergistically enhance ion diffusion kinetics and provide abundant active sites, leading to high-rate capability and ultralong cycling stability. • For LIBs, MoO2/MoS2@NSC delivers a high reversible capacity of 640 mAh g−1 after 2000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1 with an ultralow capacity decay of 0.002% per cycle, and an outstanding rate capability of 614 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1. • For SIBs, the material also demonstrates superior performance with a reversible capacity of 242 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 over 2000 cycles and 261 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1, highlighting its potential as a universal anode material. • The introduction of a heterointerface between MoS2 nanosheets and MoO2 bulk phase facilitates rapid Li+/Na+ transport, offering a promising strategy for designing high-efficiency energy storage materials.