Academic Research Journal•2026•DOI: 10.26599/NR.2026.94908775
Flexible sensors have advanced rapidly to achieve skin-like multisensory capabilities, yet their performance is compromised by strain disturbances and multi-parameter interactions, impeding widespread deployment. Here, we report a flexible fibrous device with a patterned cellular structure enabling anti-strain interference, dual-parameter measurement, and static/dynamic detection. The patterned cellular fibrous structure achieves a heterogenous strain distribution that preserves sensing performance under 10% strain. The sensor integrates a piezoresistive component for low-frequency mechanical stimuli and a thermoelectric response to calibrate temperature-induced resistance changes. A hybrid piezoresistive/piezoelectric sensing platform was experimentally implemented for static pressure persistence and high-frequency acoustic excitation from 0 to 300 Hz. The hybrid tactile sensing achieved the highest material identification accuracy of 98.6%. This work provides valuable proposals to resolve practical constraints in flexible sensor applications, compelling advantages for broader wearable integration.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01828-8
The therapeutic efficacy of cuproptosis, ferroptosis, and apoptosis is hindered by inadequate intracellular copper and iron levels, hypoxia, and elevated glutathione (GSH) expression in tumor cells. Thermoelectric technology is an emerging frontier in medical therapy that aims to achieve efficient thermal and electrical transport characteristics within a narrow thermal range for biological systems. Here, we systematically constructed biodegradable Cu2MnS3-x-PEG/glucose oxidase (MCPG) with sulfur vacancies (SV) using photothermoelectric catalysis (PTEC), photothermal-enhanced enzyme catalysis, and starvation therapy. This triggers GSH consumption and disrupts intracellular redox homeostasis, leading to immunogenic cell death. Under 1064 nm laser irradiation, MCPG enriched with SV, owing to doping, generates a local temperature gradient that activates PTEC and produces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hydroxyl radicals and oxygen are generated through peroxide and catalase-like processes. Increased oxygen levels alleviate tumor hypoxia, whereas hydrogen peroxide production from glycometabolism provides sufficient ROS for a cascade catalytic reaction, establishing a self-reinforcing positive mechanism. Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that vacancy defects effectively enhanced enzyme catalytic activity. Multimodal imaging-guided synergistic therapy not only damages tumor cells, but also elicits an antitumor immune response to inhibit tumor metastasis. This study offers novel insights into the cuproptosis/ferroptosis/apoptosis pathways of Cu-based PTEC nanozymes.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01772-7
The relentless pursuit of advanced X-ray detection technologies has been significantly bolstered by the emergence of metal halides perovskites (MHPs) and their derivatives, which possess remarkable light yield and X-ray sensitivity. This comprehensive review delves into cutting-edge approaches for optimizing MHP scintillators performances by enhancing intrinsic physical properties and employing engineering radioluminescent (RL) light strategies, underscoring their potential for developing materials with superior high-resolution X-ray detection and imaging capabilities. We initially explore into recent research focused on strategies to effectively engineer the intrinsic physical properties of MHP scintillators, including light yield and response times. Additionally, we explore innovative engineering strategies involving stacked structures, waveguide effects, chiral circularly polarized luminescence, increased transparency, and the fabrication of flexile MHP scintillators, all of which effectively manage the RL light to achieve high-resolution and high-contrast X-ray imaging. Finally, we provide a roadmap for advancing next-generation MHP scintillators, highlighting their transformative potential in high-performance X-ray detection systems.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01697-1
The transition to renewable energy sources has elevated the importance of SIBs (SIBs) as cost-effective alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for large-scale energy storage. This review examines the mechanisms of gas generation in SIBs, identifying sources from cathode materials, anode materials, and electrolytes, which pose safety risks like swelling, leakage, and explosions. Gases such as CO2, H2, and O2 primarily arise from the instability of cathode materials, side reactions between electrode and electrolyte, and electrolyte decomposition under high temperatures or voltages. Enhanced mitigation strategies, encompassing electrolyte design, buffer layer construction, and electrode material optimization, are deliberated upon. Accordingly, subsequent research endeavors should prioritize long-term high-precision gas detection to bolster the safety and performance of SIBs, thereby fortifying their commercial viability and furnishing dependable solutions for large-scale energy storage and electric vehicles.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2024-39-02-09)
It is imperative to design suitable anode materials for both lithium-ion (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with a high-rate performance and ultralong cycling life. We fabricated a MoO2/MoS2 heterostructure that was then homogeneously distributed in N,S-doped carbon nanofibers (MoO2/MoS2@NSC) by electrospinning and sulfurization. The one-dimensional carbon fiber skeleton serves as a conductive frame to decrease the diffusion pathway of Li+/Na+, while the N/S doping creates abundant active sites and significantly improves the ion diffusion kinetics. Moreover, the deposition of MoS2 nanosheets on the MoO2 bulk phase produces an interface that enables fast Li+/Na+ transport, which is crucial for achieving high efficiency energy storage. Consequently, as the anode for LIBs, MoO2/MoS2@NSC gives an excellent cycling stability of 640 mAh g−1 for 2000 cycles under 5.0 A g−1 with an ultralow average capacity drop of 0.002% per cycle and an exceptional rate capability of 614 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1. In SIBs, it also produces a significantly better electrochemical performance (reversible capacity of 242 mAh g−1 under 2.0 A g−1 for 2000 cycles and 261 mAh g−1 under 5.0 A g−1). This work shows how introducing a novel interface in the anode can produce rapid Li+/Na+ storage kinetics and a long cycling performance.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2025•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25010022
All-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have attracted extensive attention in photoelectric detection for their excellent photoelectric properties and stability. However, the CsPbBr3 quantum dot film exhibits a high non-radiative recombination rate, and the mismatch in energy levels with the carbon electrode weakens hole extraction efficiency. These reduces the device's performance. To improve this, a semiconductor photodetector based on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/dense titanium dioxide (c-TiO2)/mesoporous titanium dioxide (m-TiO2)/CsPbBr3 QDs/CsPbBrxI3–x (x = 2, 1.5, 1) QDs/C structure was studied. By adjusting the Br– : I– ratio, the synthesized CsPbBrxI3–x (x = 2, 1.5, 1) QDs showed an adjustable band gap width of 2.284−2.394 eV. And forming a type Ⅱ band structure with CsPbBr3 QDs, which reduced the valence band offset between the active layer and the carbon electrode, this promoted carrier extraction and reduced non-radiative recombination rate. Compared with the original device (the photosensitive layer is CsPbBr3 QDs), the performance of the photodetector based on the CsPbBr3 QDs/CsPbBr2I QDs heterostructure is significantly improved, the responsivity (R) increased by 73%, the specific detectivity rate (D*) increased from 6.98 × 1012 to 3.19 × 1013 Jones, the on/off ratio reached 106. This study provides a new idea for the development of semiconductor tandem detectors.
Atomic Energy Science and Technology (原子能科学技术)•2025•DOI: 10.7538/yzk.2025.youxian.0341
To generate a neutron beam exhibiting a Maxwellian energy distribution with narrow emission angles for measuring the neutron capture reaction rates of the s-process nuclides, a monoenergetic 3.4 MeV proton beam produced by the tandem-accelerator in the China Institute of Atomic Energy was utilized. The proton beam was first transmitted through a 60.5 μm aluminum foil and then impinged on a natural LiF target to produce neutron beam via 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction. The quasi-Gaussian energy distribution of protons in the LiF target resulted in neutron energy spectra that agreed with a Maxwellian energy distribution at kT=(22±2) keV, which was achieved by integrating neutrons detected within an emission angle of 65.0°±2.6° using a 6Li glass detector positioned at 65° relative to the proton beam direction. The narrow angular spread of the Maxwellian-distributed neutron beam enables direct measurement of neutron capture cross-sections for most s-process nuclides, overcoming previous experimental limitations associated with broad angular distributions.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2025•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25060032
In recent years, optoelectronic synapses have garnered significant attention in the field of neuromorphic computing due to their integration of optical sensing and synaptic functions. In this work, we propose an optoelectronic synapse based on IGZO/Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 heterojunction. Under UV light stimulation, this device can simulate a range of synaptic behaviors, including paired-pulse facilitation, spike-intensity-dependent plasticity, spike-number-dependent plasticity, spike-width-dependent plasticity, and the transition from short-term memory to long-term memory. The majority of perceptible information for humans is acquired through the visual system. The 3 × 3 retinal morphology synapse arrays constructed based on plasticity behaviors not only integrates light perception and storage functions but also exhibits adaptive adjustment capabilities to address image blurring caused by object movement. At the same time, in CNN recognition training, the device successfully simulates the learning−relearning mechanism of the human brain. These findings highlight the device’s immense potential for applications in artificial vision systems.
Journal of Central South University•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-025-5929-z
High-entropy alloy composites (HEACs) have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical properties and chemical stability. By adjusting the content of reinforcing particles in the high-entropy alloy and by employing advanced additive manufacturing techniques, high-performance HEACs can be fabricated. However, there is still considerable room for improvement in their performance. In this study, CoCrFeMnNi HEA powders were used as the matrix, and NiCoFeAlTi high-entropy intermetallic powders were used as the high-entropy reinforcement (HER). CoCrFeMnNi/NiCoFeAlTi HEACs were fabricated using selective laser melting technology. The study results indicate that after aging, the microstructure of HEACs with HER exhibits Al- and Ti-rich nano-oxide precipitates with an orthorhombic CMCM type structure system. After aging at 873 K for 2 h, HEACs with HER achieved excellent overall mechanical properties, with an ultimate tensile strength of 731 MPa. This is attributed to the combined and synergistic effects of precipitation strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and the high lattice distortion caused by high intragranular defects, which provide a multi-scale strengthening and hardening mechanism for the plastic deformation of HEACs with HER. This study demonstrates that aging plays a crucial role in controlling the precipitate phases in complex multi-element alloys.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01546-7
Sodium-ion batteries hold great promise as next-generation energy storage systems. However, the high instability of the electrode/electrolyte interphase during cycling has seriously hindered the development of SIBs. In particular, an unstable cathode–electrolyte interphase (CEI) leads to successive electrolyte side reactions, transition metal leaching and rapid capacity decay, which tends to be exacerbated under high-voltage conditions. Therefore, constructing dense and stable CEIs are crucial for high-performance SIBs. This work reports localized high-concentration electrolyte by incorporating a highly oxidation-resistant sulfolane solvent with non-solvent diluent 1H, 1H, 5H-octafluoropentyl-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl ether, which exhibited excellent oxidative stability and was able to form thin, dense and homogeneous CEI. The excellent CEI enabled the O3-type layered oxide cathode NaNi1/3Mn1/3Fe1/3O2 (NaNMF) to achieve stable cycling, with a capacity retention of 79.48% after 300 cycles at 1 C and 81.15% after 400 cycles at 2 C with a high charging voltage of 4.2 V. In addition, its nonflammable nature enhances the safety of SIBs. This work provides a viable pathway for the application of sulfolane-based electrolytes on SIBs and the design of next-generation high-voltage electrolytes.