Academic Research Journal•2026•DOI: 10.26599/NR.2026.94908737
Electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is a key pathway for sustainable green hydrogen. However, freshwater scarcity limits large-scale application, necessitating efficient and stable catalysts for complex water sources such as seawater and wastewater. Here, we report a FeRu bimetallic nanocatalyst (FeRu-ERBC) constructed by anchoring FeRu composite nanoparticles on engineered biomass-derived carbon from Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. FeRu-ERBC exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in alkaline, seawater, and chemical wastewater environments, achieving an overpotential of only 22.7 mV at 10 mA·cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH and maintaining stability for over 120 h. Structural characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the carbon support provides high specific surface area and hierarchical pores for mass transport, and critically promotes atomic-level substitution of Fe by Ru, forming a tightly coupled Fe–Ru interface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ spectroscopy confirm electron transfer from Fe to Ru, creating a 'Feδ+–Ruδ−' synergistic active center. This interface regulates the surface interfacial water network, enhancing overall reaction kinetics. This work provides a new strategy for designing Ru-based catalysts with interfacial electronic regulation for real-world water environments, highlighting the crucial role of biomass-derived carbon supports in advancing green hydrogen technology.
Int. Journal of Mining Science and Technology (采矿与安全工程)•2026•DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2026.01.001
In igneous-intruded coal seams, coal undergoes significant metamorphism, which critically alters its pore structure and oxygen consumption dynamics, thereby elevating its spontaneous combustion tendency. This study investigates the specific surface area, pore volume, structure complexity/connectivity, heterogeneity/local features of pore size distribution, and oxygen consumption dynamics of igneous metamorphic coal through N2/CO2 isothermal adsorption tests and low-temperature oxidation experiments, and elucidates the influence mechanisms of pore structure evolution on oxygen consumption dynamics during low-temperature oxidation. With increasing metamorphic degree, igneous metamorphic coal exhibits a more pronounced reduction in specific surface area during oxidation, while the increase in structure complexity due to coal-oxygen reactions is suppressed. Thermally metamorphic coal demonstrates accelerated oxygen consumption, with oxidation amplifying the difference in reaction rates compared to raw coal. Key mechanisms include oxidation-induced reduction in mesopore complexity and micropore volume, decreased dominance of small-pore-volume apertures, and increased heterogeneity, collectively leading to a lower half-oxygen-consuming temperature and steeper oxygen consumption curves. Simultaneously, increased pore volume/complexity and reduced uniformity/connectivity act synergistically to enhance oxygen consumption capacity, highlighting the coupling between pore structure evolution and oxidation behavior in igneous metamorphic coal. This study provides theoretical insights into the pore-oxygen coupling mechanisms governing coal spontaneous combustion in igneous intrusion areas.
Nano-Micro Letters•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01989-6
Two-dimensional materials for flexible energy storage commonly face huge challenges in limited active surface and hindered charge transport. Herein, we report an innovative asymmetric pseudocapacitor based on synergistic design of modified MXene and graphene, integrating gas-induced rapid expansion technology and precise surface chemical regulation methods. For graphene modification, rapid vaporization induces exfoliation and expansion of graphene oxide layers. Subsequently, pseudocapacitive oxygen-containing groups were selectively introduced through acid oxidation, yielding expanded-and-oxidized graphene (OEG) for positive porous-nanopaper electrode. For MXene modification, alkali-treated MXene underwent hydrazine assistance to facilitate gas expansion and –NH2 grafting, producing MXene-NH2 (NOM) for negative porous-nanopaper electrode. Density functional theory calculations show that –COOH more effectively modulate graphene’s electronic structure by inducing charge redistribution and creating active sites, thereby enhancing H+ adsorption and ion interactions compared to –OH. Meanwhile, –NH2 on MXene enable electron delocalization and dynamic Ti–N–H+ interactions, speeding up proton adsorption/desorption and boosting both pseudocapacitance and conductivity. Through collaborative optimized spatial architecture and surface properties, flexible OEGB and NOMB exhibited of 333.6 and 500.5 F g−1 at high mass loading, respectively. The assembled proton pseudocapacitor readily achieved energy and power densities of 58.9 Wh kg−1 and 3802 W kg−1, respectively, with excellent stability for potential applications.
Nano-Micro Letters (纳微快报)•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01888-w
Human action recognition (HAR) is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision, where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks across sensor-processor interfaces. However, the absence of interactions among versatile biomimicking functionalities within a single device, which was developed for specific vision tasks, restricts the computational capacity, practicality, and scalability of in-sensor vision computing. Here, we propose a bioinspired vision sensor composed of a GaN/AlN-based ultrathin quantum-disks-in-nanowires (QD-NWs) array to mimic not only Parvo cells for high-contrast vision and Magno cells for dynamic vision in the human retina but also the synergistic activity between the two cells for in-sensor vision computing. By simply tuning the applied bias voltage on each QD-NW-array-based pixel, we achieve two biosimilar photoresponse characteristics with slow and fast reactions to light stimuli that enhance the in-sensor image quality and HAR efficiency, respectively. Strikingly, the interplay and synergistic interaction of the two photoresponse modes within a single device markedly increased the HAR recognition accuracy from 51.4% to 81.4% owing to the integrated artificial vision system. The demonstration of an intelligent vision sensor offers a promising device platform for the development of highly efficient HAR systems and future smart optoelectronics.
Journal of Central South University•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-026-6260-z
The mechanism of SiC preparation via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the CH3SiCl3(MTS)-H2 system remains unclear. This article integrates thermodynamic calculations, fluid dynamics simulations, and experimental validations to enable a synergistic analysis from thermodynamic equilibrium predictions to fluid dynamics-based dynamic modeling. The results systematically reveal the effects of process parameters on the SiC deposition procedure. It was found that the silicon-rich phenomenon observed at low temperatures is related to the low reactivity of CH4 and the preferential adsorption of chlorosilanes. With increasing deposition temperature, the concentration of silicon-containing molecular species such as SiCl2 rises, while unsaturated hydrocarbons like C2H2 become the dominant carbon sources at high temperature, ultimately producing nearly stoichiometric SiC coatings at 1400 ℃. Notably, thermodynamic calculation results alone exhibited deviations from experimental results, whereas coupling with fluid dynamics simulations, consistency was improved significantly. This research method not only compensates limitations inherent in thermodynamic calculations but also provides reliable theoretical basis and technical support for precise control of CVD parameters and optimization of SiC chemical composition.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01754-9
The utilization of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) holds great potential for achieving tailorable tuning of catalytic performance through bottom-up modulation of the reticular structure. In this work, we show that a single-point structural alteration in the linkage within a nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc)-based series effectively modulates the catalytic performance of the COFs in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). A NiPc-based COF series with three members which possess the same NiPc unit but different linkages, including piperazine, dioxin, and dithiine, have been constructed by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction between octafluorophthalocyanine nickel and tetrasubstituted benzene linkers with different bridging groups. Among these COFs, the dioxin-linked COF showed the best activity of CO2RR with a current density of CO (jCO) = −27.99 mA cm−2 at −1.0 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), while the COF with piperazine linkage demonstrated an excellent selectivity of Faradaic efficiency for CO (FECO) up to 90.7% at a pretty low overpotential of 0.39 V. In addition, both a high FECO value close to 100% and a reasonable jCO of −8.20 mA cm–2 at the potential of −0.8 V (versus RHE) were obtained by the piperazine-linked COF, making it one of the most competitive candidates among COF-based materials. Mechanistic studies exhibited that single-point structural alteration could tailor the electron density in Ni sites and alter the interaction between the active sites and the key intermediates adsorbed and desorbed, thereby tuning the electrochemical performance during CO2RR process.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01730-3
Amplification-free, highly sensitive, and specific nucleic acid detection is crucial for health monitoring and diagnosis. The type III CRISPR-Cas10 system, which provides viral immunity through CRISPR-associated protein effectors, enables a new amplification-free nucleic acid diagnostic tool. In this study, we develop a CRISPR-graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) biosensor by combining the type III CRISPR-Cas10 system with GFETs for direct nucleic acid detection. This biosensor exploits the target RNA-activated continuous ssDNA cleavage activity of the dCsm3 CRISPR-Cas10 effector and the high charge density of a hairpin DNA reporter on the GFET channel to achieve label-free, amplification-free, highly sensitive, and specific RNA detection. The CRISPR-GFET biosensor exhibits excellent performance in detecting medium-length RNAs and miRNAs, with detection limits at the aM level and a broad linear range of 10−15 to 10−11 M for RNAs and 10−15 to 10−9 M for miRNAs. It shows high sensitivity in throat swabs and serum samples, distinguishing between healthy individuals (N=5) and breast cancer patients (N=6) without the need for extraction, purification, or amplification. This platform mitigates risks associated with nucleic acid amplification and cross-contamination, making it a versatile and scalable diagnostic tool for molecular diagnostics in human health.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01714-3
Energy harvesting storage hybrid devices have garnered considerable attention as self-rechargeable power sources for wireless and ubiquitous electronics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), a common type of energy harvester, generate alternating current-based, irregular short pulses, posing a challenge for storing the generated electrical energy in energy storage systems that typically operate with direct current (DC)-based low-frequency response. In this study, we propose a new strategy that leverages high-frequency response to develop efficient chargeable TENG–supercapacitor (SC) hybrid devices. A high-frequency SC was fabricated using hollow-structured MXene electrode materials, resulting in a twofold increase in the charging efficiency of the hybrid device compared to a control SC made with conventional carbon electrode materials. For a systematic understanding, the electrochemical interplay between the TENGs and SCs was investigated as a function of the frequency characteristics of SCs (fSC) and the output pulse duration of TENGs (ΔtTENG). Increasing the fSC·ΔtTENG enhanced the charging efficiency of the TENG–SC hybrid devices. This study highlights the importance of frequency response design in developing efficient chargeable TENG–SC hybrid devices.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01692-6
Many natural organisms have evolved unique sensory systems over millions of years that have allowed them to detect various changes in their surrounding environments. Sensory systems feature numerous receptors—such as photoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and chemoreceptors—that detect various types of external stimuli, including light, pressure, vibration, sound, and chemical substances. These stimuli are converted into electrochemical signals, which are transmitted to the brain to produce the sensations of sight, touch, hearing, taste, and smell. Inspired by the biological principles of sensory systems, recent advancements in electronics have led to a wide range of applications in artificial sensors. In the current review, we highlight recent developments in artificial sensors inspired by biological sensory systems utilizing soft ionic materials. The versatile characteristics of these ionic materials are introduced while focusing on their mechanical and electrical properties. The features and working principles of natural and artificial sensing systems are investigated in terms of six categories: vision, tactile, hearing, gustatory, olfactory, and proximity sensing. Lastly, we explore several challenges that must be overcome while outlining future research directions in the field of soft ionic sensors.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01660-0
Compared with Zn2+, the current mainly reported charge carrier for zinc hybrid capacitors, small-hydrated-sized and light-weight NH4+ is expected as a better one to mediate cathodic interfacial electrochemical behaviors, yet has not been unraveled. Here we propose an NH4+-modulated cationic solvation strategy to optimize cathodic spatial charge distribution and achieve dynamic Zn2+/NH4+ co-storage for boosting Zinc hybrid capacitors. Owing to the hierarchical cationic solvated structure in hybrid Zn(CF3SO3)2–NH4CF3SO3 electrolyte, high-reactive Zn2+ and small-hydrate-sized NH4(H2O)4+ induce cathodic interfacial Helmholtz plane reconfiguration, thus effectively enhancing the spatial charge density to activate 20% capacity enhancement. Furthermore, cathodic interfacial adsorbed hydrated NH4+ ions afford high-kinetics and ultrastable C‧‧‧H (NH4+) charge storage process due to a much lower desolvation energy barrier compared with heavy and rigid Zn(H2O)6 2+ (5.81 vs. 14.90 eV). Consequently, physical uptake and multielectron redox of Zn2+/NH4+ in carbon cathode enable the zinc capacitor to deliver high capacity (240 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), large-current tolerance (130 mAh g−1 at 50 A g−1) and ultralong lifespan (400,000 cycles). This study gives new insights into the design of cathode–electrolyte interfaces toward advanced zinc-based energy storage.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2024-39-03-10)
Petroleum coke (PC) is a valuable precursor for sodium-ion battery (SIB) anodes due to its high carbon content and low cost. The regulation of the microcrystalline state and pore structure of the easily-graphitized PC-based carbon is crucial for creating abundant Na+ storage sites. Here we used a precursor transformation strategy to increase the carbon interlayer spacing and generate abundant closed pores in PC-based carbon, significantly increasing its Na+ storage capacity in the plateau region. This was achieved by introducing a large number of oxygen functional groups through mixed acid treatment and then using high-temperature carbonization to decompose the oxygen functional groups and rearrange the carbon microcrystallites, resulting in a transition from open to closed pores. The optimized samples provide a large reversible capacity of 356.0 mAh g−1 at 0.02 A g−1, of which approximately 93% is below 1.0 V. Galvanostatic intermittent titration (GITT) and in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicate that the sodium storage capacity in the low voltage plateau region involves a joint contribution of interlayer insertion and closed pore filling processes. This study presents a comprehensive method for the development of high-performance carbon anodes using low-cost and highly aromatic precursors.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2026-41-02-08)
Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) typically feature a hybrid design, incorporating a battery-type anode that operates by faradaic redox reactions and an activated carbon cathode that functions through electrical double-layer (EDL) adsorption/desorption. However, the kinetics of faradaic processes are inherently slower than those of EDL processes, leading to a fundamental problem known as kinetic imbalance between the electrodes, which hinders the development of high-performance SICs. To address this, we synthesized composites of bismuth nanoparticles in N-doped carbon (Bi@NC) by a high-temperature sintering method. The resulting Bi@NC anode has a specific capacity of 300 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, an exceptional rate capability (maintaining performance at currents exceeding 75 A g−1), and outstanding cycling stability over 12,000 cycles. Three-electrode Swagelok cell tests revealed that this high-rate Bi@NC composite effectively decreases the kinetic gap with the activated carbon cathode, as shown by an analysis of their respective potential swing windows (vs. Na/Na+). This enables the fabricated SIC to achieve a maximum energy density of 115 Wh kg−1, a peak power density of 45,535 W kg−1, and a long cycle life exceeding 8,000 cycles.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2025•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25010030
This paper describes a 2D/3D vision chip with integrated sensing and processing capabilities. The 2D/3D vision chip architecture includes a 2D/3D image sensor and a programmable visual processor. In this architecture, we design a novel on-chip processing flow with die-to-die image transmission and low-latency fixed-point image processing. The vision chip achieves real-time end-to-end processing of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and conventional image processing algorithms. Furthermore, an end-to-end 2D/3D vision system is built to exhibit the capacity of the vision chip. The vision system achieves real-timing applications under 2D and 3D scenes, such as human face detection (processing delay 10.2 ms) and depth map reconstruction (processing delay 4.1 ms). The frame rate of image acquisition, image process, and result display is larger than 30 fps.
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)67024-5
The Cu−15Ni−8Sn alloy wire with a nano-layered structure was fabricated using directional solidification techniques and a multi-stage thermomechanical treatment. A systematic investigation was conducted on microstructure evolution and its impact on mechanical properties. After aging at 400 °C for 0.25 h, the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy reaches 1509 MPa, >200 MPa higher than that of the alloy after single thermomechanical treatment. Furthermore, grain refinement and heightened 〈111〉 fiber texture are identified as key factors contributing to the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the alloy. These findings highlight the importance of multi-stage thermomechanical treatment on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Cu−15Ni−8Sn alloy.
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66952-4
The effects of artificial aging (T6) on the creep resistance with tensile stresses in the range of 50−80 MPa at 175 °C were investigated for an extruded Mg−1.22Al−0.31Ca−0.44Mn (wt.%) alloy. The Guinier-Preston (G.P.) zones primarily precipitate in the sample aged at 200 °C for 1 h (T6-200°C/1h), while the Al2Ca phases mainly precipitate in the sample aged at 275 °C for 8 h (T6-275°C/8h). The T6-200°C/1h sample exhibits excellent creep resistance, with a steady-state creep rate one order of magnitude lower than that of the T6-275°C/8h sample. The abnormally high stress exponent (~8.2) observed in the T6-200°C/1h sample is associated with the power-law breakdown mechanism. TEM analysis illuminates that the creep mechanism for the T6-200°C/1h sample is cross-slip between basal and prismatic dislocations, while the T6-275°C/8h sample exhibits a mixed mechanism of dislocation cross-slip and climb. Compared with the Al2Ca phase, the dense G.P. zones effectively impede dislocation climb and glide during the creep process, demonstrating superior creep resistance of the T6-200°C/1h sample.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2025•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25020010
The event-based vision sensor (EVS), which can generate efficient spiking data streams by exclusively detecting motion, exemplifies neuromorphic vision methodologies. Generally, its inherent lack of texture features limits effectiveness in complex vision processing tasks, necessitating supplementary visual information. However, to date, no event-based hybrid vision solution has been developed that preserves the characteristics of complete spike data streams to support synchronous computation architectures based on spiking neural network (SNN). In this paper, we present a novel spike-based sensor with digitized pixels, which integrates the event detection structure with the pulse frequency modulation (PFM) circuit. This design enables the simultaneous output of spiking data that encodes both temporal changes and texture information. Fabricated in 180 nm process, the proposed sensor achieves a resolution of 128 × 128, a maximum event rate of 960 Meps, a grayscale frame rate of 117.1 kfps, and a measured power consumption of 60.1 mW, which is suited for high-speed, low-latency, edge SNN-based vision computing systems.
Int. Journal of Mining Science and Technology (采矿与安全工程)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.014
Hydraulic fracture growth is significantly influenced by the minimum horizontal principal stress gradient and the fracturing fluid pressure gradient. However, these gradients are often neglected in scaled physical modeling experiments due to difficulties in reproducing them. This study uses centrifugal hypergravity to simulate both gradients and investigate their effects on fracture propagation. Artificial mortar specimens (φ200 mm × 400 mm) are fractured under 1g (normal gravity), 50g, and 100g. Results show that compared to 1g, fractures under 50g and 100g exhibit increasingly uneven propagation, with higher g-values leading to greater asymmetry. To interpret this, a theoretical analysis based on fracture mechanics is conducted. When the fluid pressure gradient exceeds the stress gradient, a positive net gradient is generated, increasing net pressure at the lower fracture tip. This raises the stress intensity factor at the lower tip, promoting downward growth. As g increases, the disparity becomes more significant, resulting in greater fracture deviation. In conclusion, this study, for the first time, has verified and explained that the net gradient can change the propagation of hydraulic fractures, providing important guidance for wellbore placement under stress gradients.
Int. Journal of Mining Science and Technology (采矿与安全工程)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.10.007
Deep-sea mining has emerged as a critical solution to address global resource shortages; however, the mechanical interaction between tracked mining vehicles (TMVs) and soft seabed sediments presents fundamental engineering challenges. This study establishes a multiscale modelling framework coupling the discrete element method (DEM) with multi-body dynamics (MBD) to investigate track-seabed dynamic interactions across three operational modes: flat terrain, slope climbing, and ditch surmounting. The simulation framework, validated against laboratory experiments, systematically evaluates the influence of grouser geometry (involute, triangular, and pin-type) and traveling speed (0.2–1.0 m/s) on traction performance, slip rate, and ground pressure distribution. Results reveal rate-dependent traction mechanisms governed by soil microstructural responses: higher speeds enhance peak traction but exacerbate slip instability on complex terrain. Critical operational thresholds are established—0.7 m/s for flat terrain, ≤0.5 m/s for slopes and ditches—with distinct grouser optimization strategies: involute grousers achieve 35%–40% slip reduction on slopes through progressive soil engagement, while triangular grousers provide optimal impact resistance during ditch crossing with 30%–35% performance improvement. These findings provide quantitative design criteria and operational guidelines for optimizing TMV structural parameters and control strategies, offering a robust theoretical foundation for enhancing the performance, safety, and reliability of deep-sea mining equipment in complex submarine environments.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering•2025•DOI: 10.1186/s10033-025-01185-y
SiC-reinforced aluminum matrix (SiCp/Al) composite is widely utilized in the aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries due to the combination of ceramic hardness and metal toughness. However, the significant disparity in properties between SiC particles and the aluminum matrix results in severe tool wear and diminished surface quality during conventional machining. This study proposes an environmentally friendly and clean dry electrical discharge assisted grinding process as an efficient and low-damage machining method for SiCp/Al. An experimental platform was set up to study the impact of grinding and discharge process parameters on surface quality. The study compared the chip formation mechanism and surface quality between dry electrical discharge assisted grinding and conventional grinding, revealing relationships between surface roughness, grinding force, grinding temperature, and related parameters. The results indicate that the proposed grinding method leads to smaller chip sizes, lower grinding forces and temperatures, and an average reduction of 19.2% in surface roughness compared to conventional grinding. The axial, tangential, and normal grinding forces were reduced by roughly 10.5%, 37.8%, and 23.0%, respectively. The optimized process parameters were determined to be N = 2500 r/min, vf = 30 mm/min, a = 10 µm, E = 15 V, f = 5000 Hz, dc = 80%, resulting in a surface roughness of 0.161 μm.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-025-3179-6
The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy, quality, and longevity. The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of “black box,” and it was “unpredictable.” In this study, a blast furnace comprehensive status score and prediction method based on a cascade system and a combined model were proposed to address this issue. A dual cascade evaluation system was developed by integrating subjective and objective weighting methods. The analytic hierarchy process, coefficient of variation, entropy weight method, and impart combinatorial games were jointly employed to determine the optimal weight distribution across indicators. Categorized statuses (raw material, gas flow, furnace body, furnace cylinder, and iron–slag) were evaluated. Based on the five categories of the status data, the second cascade was applied to upgrade the quantitative evaluation of the comprehensive status. The weights of the different categories were 0.22, 0.15, 0.22, 0.21, and 0.20, respectively. According to the data analysis, the results of the comprehensive status score closely matched the on-site production logs. Based on the blast furnace smelting period, the maximal information coefficient method was applied to the 100 parameters that were most relevant to the comprehensive status. A combined prediction model for a comprehensive status score was designed using bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and categorical boosting (CatBoost). The test results indicated that the combined model reduced the mean absolute error by an average of 0.275 and increased the hit rate by an average of 5.65 percentage points compared to BiLSTM or CatBoost alone. When the error range was ±2.5, the combined model predicted a hit rate of 91.66% for the next hour’s comprehensive status score, and its high accuracy was deemed satisfactory for the field. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and regression fitting were applied to analyze the linear quantitative relationship between the key variables and the comprehensive status score. When the furnace bottom center temperature was increased by 10°C, the comprehensive status score increased by 0.44. This method contributes to a more precise management and control of the comprehensive status of the blast furnace on-site.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-024-3021-6
A series of high-entropy ceramics with the nominal composition (Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.4+xLi0.4(Ca0.5Sr0.5)0.4−xTiO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) has been successfully synthesized using the conventional solid-phase method. The (Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.4+xLi0.4(Ca0.5Sr0.5)0.4−xTiO3 ceramics are confirmed to be composed of the main phase (Zn,Mg,Li)TiO3 and the secondary phase Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 by X-ray diffractometer, Rietveld refinement, and X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The quality factor (Q×f) of the samples is inversely proportional to the content of the Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 phase, and it is influenced by the density. The secondary phase and molecular polarizability (αT) have a significant impact on the dielectric constant (εr) of the samples. Moreover, the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) of the samples is determined by the distortion of [TiO6] octahedra and the secondary phase. The results indicate that (Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.4+xLi0.4(Ca0.5Sr0.5)0.4−xTiO3 ceramics achieve ideal microwave dielectric properties (εr = 17.6, Q×f = 40900 GHz, τf = −8.6 ppm/°C) when x = 0.35. (Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.4+xLi0.4(Ca0.5Sr0.5)0.4−xTiO3 ceramics possess the potential for application in wireless communication, and a new approach has been provided to enhance the performance of microwave dielectric ceramics.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-024-2937-1
Carbon can change the phase components of low-density steels and influence the mechanical properties. In this study, a new method to control the carbon content and avoid the formation of δ-ferrite by decarburization treatment was proposed. The microstructural changes and mechanical characteristics with carbon content induced by decarburization were systematically examined. Crussard–Jaoul (C–J) analysis was employed to examine the work hardening characteristics during the tensile test. During decarburization by heat treatments, the carbon content within the austenite phase decreased, while Mn and Al were almost unchanged; this made the steel with full austenite transform into the austenite and ferrite dual phase. Meanwhile, (Ti,V)C carbides existed in both matrix phase and the mole fraction almost the same. In addition, the formation of other carbides restrained. Carbon loss induced a decrease in strength due to the weakening of the carbon solid solution. For the steel with the single austinite, the deformation mode of austenite was the dislocation planar glide, resulting in the formation of microbands. For the dual-phase steel, the deformation occurred by the dislocation planar glide of austenite first, with the increase in strain, the cross slip of ferrite took place, forming dislocation cells in ferrite. At the late stage of deformation, the work hardening of austinite increased rapidly, while that of ferrite increased slightly.