Journal of Advanced Ceramics•2026•DOI: 10.26599/JAC.2026.9221334
Carbon fiber-reinforced ultrahigh-temperature ceramic composites (C/UHTCs) based on ZrC–SiC are limited by rapid ablation above 2500 °C under prolonged oxidizing exposure. This study reports C/ZrC–SiC–Cu3Si–Cu interpenetrating composites fabricated by infiltrating a Zr–Si–Cu ternary melt into carbon fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel (C/CA) preforms. The process yields a uniform metal-ceramic matrix via ceramization of the carbon aerogel and in situ precipitation of Cu-containing phases. During oxyacetylene ablation at a surface temperature of 2557–2600 °C for 1200 s, the composite exhibits mass and linear ablation rates of 0.0604 mg·cm−2·s−1 and 0.1808 μm·s−1, respectively, surpassing conventional C/ZrC–SiC and other reported ceramic and ceramic-metal matrix composites under similar conditions. The ablation resistance arises from transpiration cooling via continuous evaporation of dispersed Cu-containing phases, which maintains a surface temperature of approximately 2300 °C under a heat flux of 3.18 MW·m−2, combined with a protective Zr–Si–O glassy layer that inhibits oxygen diffusion and resists mechanical denudation. The composite also demonstrates a flexural strength of 194±7 MPa, a fracture toughness of 11.8±1.2 MPa·m1/2, and a work of fracture of 5315±1232 J·m−2, exceeding most reaction-melt-infiltration-derived C/ZrC–SiC. These properties are attributed to the highly reactive carbon aerogel matrix, a protective PyC interface, optimized interfacial debonding, crack deflection mechanisms, and compressive residual stresses. The combination of active-passive cooling and robust mechanical performance positions this composite as a candidate for structural applications in extreme thermal-mechanical environments.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2026•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/26020057
Integrated silicon photonics has emerged as a transformative technology for post-Moore's law computing, offering intrinsic advantages of high bandwidth, ultralow latency, and low energy consumption that far exceed traditional electronic computing architectures. As artificial intelligence (AI) models continue to grow in complexity and scale, the demand for high-speed, energy-efficient computing has spurred intensive research into photonic computing as a promising alternative to electronic accelerators. Matrix multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations, the core of deep learning and combinatorial optimization algorithms, are particularly amenable to photonic implementation, as light enables parallel multiplication and accumulation with minimal data movement. However, the practical application of photonic computing has long been hindered by critical challenges including large-scale integration of photonic components, electro-optical co-packaging, guaranteed computation accuracy of analog photonic systems, and compatibility with mainstream AI models and algorithms. Recently, two groundbreaking studies published back-to-back in Nature have achieved pivotal breakthroughs in addressing these bottlenecks, demonstrating large-scale integrated photonic accelerators with ultralow latency for combinatorial optimization and universal AI computing capabilities for state-of-the-art neural networks. The two works represent the most advanced level of photonic computing hardware implementation to date, validating the feasibility of photonic accelerators as a competitive alternative to electronic AI chips and marking a critical step toward the commercialization of integrated photonic computing technology.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01666-8
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) as an emerging modality for malignant tumors mainly involves in sonosensitizers and low-intensity ultrasound (US), which can safely penetrate the tissue without significant attenuation. SDT not only has the advantages including high precision, non-invasiveness, and minimal side effects, but also overcomes the limitation of low penetration of light to deep tumors. The cytotoxic reactive oxygen species can be produced by the utilization of sonosensitizers combined with US and kill tumor cells. However, the underlying mechanism of SDT has not been elucidated, and its unsatisfactory efficiency retards its further clinical application. Herein, we shed light on the main mechanisms of SDT and the types of sonosensitizers, including organic sonosensitizers and inorganic sonosensitizers. Due to the development of nanotechnology, many novel nanoplatforms are utilized in this arisen field to solve the barriers of sonosensitizers and enable continuous innovation. This review also highlights the potential advantages of nanosonosensitizers and focus on the enhanced efficiency of SDT based on nanosonosensitizers with monotherapy or synergistic therapy for deep tumors that are difficult to reach by traditional treatment, especially orthotopic cancers.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2025•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25010005
A 4H-SiC superjunction (SJ) MOSFET (SJMOS) with integrated high-K gate dielectric and split gate (HKSG-SJMOS) is proposed in this paper. The key features of HKSG-SJMOS involve the utilization of high-K (HK) dielectric as the gate dielectric, which surrounds the source-connected split gate (SG) and metal gate. The high-K gate dielectric optimizes the electric field distribution within the drift region, creating a low-resistance conductive channel. This enhancement leads to an increase in the breakdown voltage (BV) and a reduction in the specific on resistance (Ron,sp). The introduction of split gate surrounded by high-K dielectric reduces the gate−drain capacitance (Cgd) and gate−drain charge (Qgd), which improves the switching characteristics. The simulation results indicate that compared to conventional 4H-SiC SJMOS, the HKSG-SJMOS exhibits a 110.5% enhancement in figure of merit (FOM, FOM = BV2/Ron,sp), a 93.6% reduction in the high frequency figure of merit (HFFOM) of Ron,sp·Cgd, and reductions in turn-on loss (Eon) and turn-off loss (Eoff) by 38.3% and 31.6%, respectively. Furthermore, the reverse recovery characteristics of HKSG-SJMOS has also discussed, revealing superior performance compared to conventional 4H-SiC SJMOS.
Int. Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials (矿物冶金与材料学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s12613-025-3268-6
Despite their attractive features of high energy density, low cost, and safety, polysulfide/iodide flow batteries (SIFBs) are hampered by the sluggish kinetics of the iodide redox couple, which restricts overall performance. Multicomponent sulfides are demonstrated as promising catalysts for accelerating redox reactions. Concurrently, the enhanced configurational entropy arising from multinary compositions drives synergistic effects among constituent elements, establishing a viable pathway to optimize catalytic performance. Building on these foundations, this work introduces a targeted orbital hybridization-optimized electron density strategy to enhance the catalytic activity. Implementing this concept, we developed an in-situ solvothermal synthesis process for an entropy-enhanced AgCuZnSnS4 loaded graphite felt (ACZTS/GF) electrode. The engineered electrode demonstrates exceptional electrocatalytic performance with improved bulk conductivity and interfacial charge transfer kinetics within a SIFB. The cell achieves a high energy efficiency of 88.5% at 20 mA·cm−2 with 10% state-of-charge. Furthermore, the battery delivers a maximum power density of 119.8 mW·cm−2 and exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability. These significant results stem from orbital hybridization-driven electronic state optimization and entropy effect-induced synergistic catalysis.