Surface Technology (表面技术)•2026•DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.11.010
Ultra-high strength steel AF1410 is widely used in moving components of advanced equipment due to its excellent strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. However, increasingly severe service conditions demand higher sliding wear resistance than traditional surface treatments can provide. This study employed ultrafast laser texturing to fabricate three distinct surface patterns on AF1410: groove texture (1#), dislocation groove texture (2#), and dislocation-type regular hexagonal texture (3#). Dry friction wear tests were conducted to evaluate mass wear rates and wear mechanisms. The mass wear rates of textured surfaces were 82.7%, 42.8%, and 20.1% of the untextured substrate, respectively. The 3# dislocation-type regular hexagonal texture exhibited the lowest wear rate (0.0823 mg/min) versus 0.4084 mg/min for the untextured substrate. Wear mechanisms for textured surfaces were dominated by ploughing cutting and abrasive wear with minor adhesive wear; no oxidative wear occurred. The untextured substrate suffered severe plastic cutting, deep ploughing, and mixed abrasive-adhesive wear. Dislocation arrangements improved stress distribution and debris storage. Texture morphology and distribution affect actual contact area, friction force dispersion, and debris retention capacity. The results demonstrate that dislocation-type regular hexagonal texturing offers the most significant enhancement in sliding wear resistance for AF1410 under the tested conditions.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01703-6
Photocatalytic seawater splitting is an attractive way for producing green hydrogen. Significant progresses have been made recently in catalytic efficiencies, but the activity of catalysts can only maintain stable for about 10 h. Here, we develop a vacancy-engineered Ag3PO4/CdS porous microreactor chip photocatalyst, operating in seawater with a performance stability exceeding 300 h. This is achieved by the establishment of both catalytic selectivity for impurity ions and tailored interactions between vacancies and sulfur species. Efficient transport of carriers with strong redox ability is ensured by forming a heterojunction within a space charge region, where the visualization of potential distribution confirms the key design concept of our chip. Moreover, the separation of oxidation and reduction reactions in space inhibits the reverse recombination, making the chip capable of working at atmospheric pressure. Consequently, in the presence of Pt co-catalysts, a high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 0.81% can be achieved in the whole durability test. When using a fully solar-driven 256 cm2 hydrogen production prototype, a H2 evolution rate of 68.01 mmol h−1 m−2 can be achieved under outdoor insolation. Our findings provide a novel approach to achieve high selectivity, and demonstrate an efficient and scalable prototype suitable for practical solar H2 production.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2024-39-01-01)
Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising strategy to generate hydrogen using renewable energy under mild conditions. Carbon-based materials have attracted attention in electrocatalytic water splitting because of their distinctive features such as high specific area, high electron mobility and abundant natural resources. Hydrogen produced by industrial electrocatalytic water splitting in a large quantity requires electrocatalysis at a low overpotential at a large current density. Substantial efforts focused on fundamental research have been made, while much less attention has been paid to the high-current-density test. There are many distinct differences in electrocatalysis to split water using low and high current densities such as the bubble phenomenon, local environment around active sites, and stability. Recent research progress on carbon-based electrocatalysts for water splitting at low and high current densities is summarized, significant challenges and prospects for carbon-based electrocatalysts are discussed, and promising strategies are proposed.
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66984-6
NaCu0.2Fe0.3Mn0.5O2 (NCFM) cathode material was synthesized using a simple solid-state reaction, and the effect of calcination temperature on its interlayer spacing and oxygen vacancies concentration was investigated. Through electrochemical testing and material characterizations, higher calcination temperatures increase the electrostatic repulsion between oxygen atoms in adjacent layers, resulting in an expansion of Na layer spacing. This structural change enhances the diffusion kinetics of Na⁺, thereby significantly improving the rate performance of NCFM. Furthermore, elevated calcination temperatures facilitate the reduction of oxygen vacancies, leading to improved crystallinity. This enhancement in crystallinity mitigates structural strain during phase transitions, contributing to improved cyclic stability. Consequently, the optimized NCFM shows an initial discharge specific capacity of 143.3 mA·h/g at 0.1C, with a capacity retention rate of 79.28% after 100 cycles at 1C.