Surface Technology (表面技术)•2026•DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.08.002
Magnesium alloys, with a density of approximately 1.74 g/cm³ (two-thirds that of aluminum and one-quarter that of steel), offer high specific strength and excellent damping capacity, making them attractive for automotive, aerospace, and consumer electronics applications. However, their standard electrode potential of −2.37 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode renders them highly susceptible to corrosion in humid atmospheres, chloride-containing media, and mild acidic conditions. This review systematically examines the corrosion mechanisms of magnesium alloys, categorizes corrosion types across different environments, and evaluates surface modification technologies including chemical conversion, electroplating and electroless plating, anodizing and micro-arc oxidation, laser surface treatment, thermal spraying, cold spraying, and organic coatings. These techniques form dense protective layers that isolate corrosive media and enhance corrosion resistance. Key findings from the literature demonstrate that laser surface melting with alternating magnetic fields reduces wear and corrosion rates, while laser-clad Al-Cu coatings on AZ91HP improve surface hardness and corrosion potential. Electroless nickel plating on AZ61 and anodizing treatments provide barrier protection, though coating adhesion and porosity remain challenges. The review also discusses current limitations such as long-term durability, cost-effectiveness, and scalability, and outlines future directions including multi-layer composite coatings and environmentally friendly processes. This work provides a reference for advancing magnesium alloy applications in engineering.
Journal of Central South University•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-026-6162-0
Microwave fracturing is a promising technique for facilitating the efficient exploitation of deep earth resources while reducing energy consumption and cutter wear during mechanical excavation. In this study, the thermal properties of basalt under six power levels are investigated and the mechanism of microwave fracturing is elucidated through real-time monitoring and microstructural analysis. The results show that the failure modes of basalt can be categorized into high-temperature melting failure (>300 ℃) and low-temperature burst failure (<200 ℃). High-power microwave irradiation not only altered the failure mode but also modified the relationship between temperature rise and time. The temperature distribution exhibits a wave pattern, making it more prone to inducing transverse tensile cracks. Dehydration of basalt is triggered when the temperature exceeds 200 ℃, which subsequently promotes the initiation of macroscopic cracks. Microscopically, microwave fracturing is mainly driven by thermal stresses, while steam pressure, especially under high-power conditions, plays a dominant role in the fracturing process. These results are anticipated to provide necessary theoretical and technical support for the efficient exploitation of deep earth resources.
Journal of Central South University•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-026-6207-4
Microwave fracturing offers significant potential for efficient hard rock fragmentation. This study investigates real-time heating and fracture characteristics of ten granitoid minerals under 2 kW microwave irradiation for 3 min. Chlorite, amphibole, and altered plagioclase were identified as highly microwave-sensitive, exhibiting high mass and P-wave velocity decay, rapid heating rates (>2.5 ℃/s) and violent rupture. Mineral surface temperature non-uniformity, quantified by the coefficient of variation (VT), evolved through distinct increasing, decreasing, and stabilizing phases, reflecting shifts in dominance between heat accumulation and transfer. Temperature gradients revealed the spatial relationship between hotspots and rupture points, with shallow melting influencing surface temperature distribution. Undamaged minerals exhibited significant temperature gradient spatiotemporal variability but ultimately stabilizing. These results enable prediction of microwave heating behavior in hard rocks containing analogous minerals and enhance our understanding of microwave-induced weakening mechanisms.
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)67022-1
Based on the application requirements for porous dental implants, four porous structures of gyroid, RD (rhombic dodecahedron), cubic, and CHC (three identical cylinders hollow cubic) for porous titanium implants have been designed and fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. Typically, the unit cell dimensions range from 0.5 to 1.6 mm, with pore diameters between 300 and 900 µm, achieving porosities of 60%−80%. The influence of porous structures with small unit cell on scaffold formability and mechanical properties was investigated through compression, torsion tests as well as finite element simulations. Consequently, gyroid scaffolds exhibit optimal formability with the lowest porosity and pore deviation. With the same porosity, gyroid and RD scaffolds exhibit lower compressive strength than cubic and CHC scaffolds, yet their torsional properties show an inverse relationship. Moreover, gyroid scaffolds possess the highest torque but the lowest compressive strength and elastic modulus. The gyroid scaffold with 60% porosity shows a modulus of 3.96 GPa, matching bone modulus of 0−30 GPa. Its compressive strength reaches 176.3 MPa, exceeding that of bone by 100 MPa. Additionally, the torque for the d4.0 mm implant is 2.22 N·m, approaching the FDA safe torque of 2.3 N·m. Therefore, the gyroid represents the most ideal structure for porous dental implants.