Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2026•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67068-9
Synergistic sulfidation roasting of heavy metal gypsum residue and secondary zinc oxide fume was proposed by using the research idea of 'waste to treat waste'. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the sulfidation of zinc oxide could be effectively enhanced by increasing the dosage of calcium sulfate and carbon powder in the range of 500−800 °C. The synergistic sulfidation experiments of heavy metal gypsum residue with secondary zinc oxide showed that the sulfidation rate of zinc reached 90.39% and the grain size of ZnS increased from 5 to 10 μm under the conditions of temperature 700 °C, carbon powder 30%, Na2CO3 10%, mass ratio of gypsum residue to secondary zinc oxide 1.4:1, roasting time 2 h and cooling rate 1 °C/min. Meanwhile, 76.32% F, 72.11% Cl and 93.41% As were removed. TG/DTG−DSC, 3D FTIR spectra and SEM analysis showed that the conversion of CaSO4 to CaCO3 and the avoidance of CO2 and SO2 production were achieved under optimized conditions. This study achieves efficient sulfidation of zinc as well as growth of ZnS grains, laying the theoretical and technological foundation for subsequent recovery of ZnS by flotation.
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials (含能材料)•2026•DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2026054
The solubility of β-octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (β-HMX) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)–methanol, DMSO–ethanol, and DMSO–n-propanol binary solvent mixtures was measured using a static method over the temperature range of 293.15–343.15 K at atmospheric pressure. The mole fraction of alcohol in the mixed solvent was varied from 0 to 1. The experimental solubility data were correlated with the Apelblat, Jouyban–Acree, and NRTL models. The Apelblat model provided the best fit, with an average relative deviation (ARD) below 5% and a root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) below 0.11%. Thermodynamic properties, including Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of dissolution, were derived from the NRTL model. The dissolution process was endothermic, entropy-driven, and spontaneous in all three solvent systems. Solid-phase characterization by PXRD and DSC confirmed that no polymorphic transition of β-HMX occurred under the experimental conditions. Solvent composition stability tests showed that the maximum relative change in solubility due to composition fluctuation was less than 6.3%, corresponding to an equivalent temperature variation of 1.4–2.7 K. These data provide a foundation for optimizing anti-solvent crystallization processes for β-HMX.
Journal of Semiconductors (半导体学报 - 中国科学院半导体研究所)•2026•DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/25060021
The escalating demand for ultra-high-resolution flexible displays necessitates thin-film transistors (TFTs) with carrier mobility exceeding 30 cm2·V−1·s−1 on compliant substrates. Conventional indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) TFTs, despite commercial maturity, are constrained by field-effect mobility (μFE) of approximately 10 cm2·V−1·s−1, limiting drive current and pixel density. This work reports the first demonstration of flexible indium tin oxide (ITO) TFTs fabricated through a mass-production compatible process utilizing SiO2 gate dielectric. The devices achieve an average μFE of 39.1 cm2·V−1·s−1, a threshold voltage (Vth) variation of +0.45 V under a 7 mm bending radius, and a mobility reduction of only −5.5% under the same mechanical stress. Dynamic bending tests up to 13,000 cycles reveal no significant degradation in μFE or Vth. Electrical stress tests under ±5 V bias confirm ΔVth constrained within 1 V. The excellent large-scale uniformity is attributed to the ultra-flat surface and low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the polyimide (PI) substrate, combined with laser lift-off (LLO) processing. These results establish ITO as a viable channel material for ultra-high-resolution foldable displays and wearable electronics, though the absence of a passivation layer remains a limitation for long-term stability.
Journal of Central South University•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s11771-025-6044-x
In this study, a synergistic sulfidation-acid leaching process was proposed to recover valuable metals from gypsum residue and zinc-containing fume. The equilibrium phase composition of the sulfidation reaction and calculations of the thermodynamic stability region show that 89.36% Zn, >99% Pb and >99% Cu of gypsum residue and zinc-containing fume can be sulfured to ZnS, PbS and Cu2S, under sufficient sulfur partial pressure, low oxygen partial pressure and 400 −1000 ℃. Sulfidation roasting experiments show that the sulfidation rate of Cu, Pb and Zn reach 81.43%, 88.25% and 92.31%, respectively, under the roasting conditions of material mass ratio of 30 g:10 g, carbon dosage of 3.75 g, roasting temperature of 800 ℃ for 3 h. E−pH plots show that ZnS, PbS and Cu2S can be enriched in the leaching residue, under leaching conditions at 25 ℃, pH<4 and −0.4 V<φ(E)<0.04 V. The leaching experiments showed that the sulfide is retained in the leaching residue, while the leaching rates of Cu, Pb and Zn are 1.94%, 2.05% and 1.51%, respectively, under the conditions of 25 ℃, CHCl of 0.5 mol/L, L/S of 5 mL/g, stirring rate of 300 r/min, and stirring time of 30 min. This study provides a new approach for the synergistic disposal of gypsum residue and zinc-containing fume.