Academic Research Journal•2026•DOI: 10.26599/NR.2026.94908819
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by bacterial biofilms, leads to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Current treatments fail to eradicate biofilms and reverse inflammation-induced bone loss. Here, we developed an injectable hydrogel (GQM) composed of oxidized gellan gum, quaternized chitosan, and magnesium–tannic acid-modified MXene nanosheets (MTA-Mg). GQM is injectable into periodontal pockets and delivers MTA-Mg, which disrupts biofilms via photothermal effect under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation and kills bacteria through electrostatic interactions from quaternized chitosan. MTA-Mg also acts as an interfacial electron transfer agent to activate oxidative phosphorylation, while releasing magnesium and tannic acid to improve mitochondrial function, thereby reprogramming immune cell metabolism toward the M2 macrophage phenotype. In a rat periodontitis model, GQM hydrogel effectively eradicated biofilms, alleviated inflammation, and reversed alveolar bone resorption. This synergistic 'biofilm disruption–immune metabolic reprogramming' strategy offers a novel approach for treating inflammatory bone resorption in periodontitis.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1038/sino-451787
China's push to dominate wide-bandgap power semiconductors hinges on two fronts: scaling 8-inch 4H-SiC substrates to automotive-grade yields and commercializing ultra-wide-bandgap beta-Ga2O3 for grid-scale switches. This report dissects the physics and economics. For 8-inch conductive 4H-SiC, PVT growth at 2,400°C demands axial thermal gradients below 5°C/cm to suppress micropipe densities under 0.1 cm^-2, yet current Chinese boules (SICC, TankeBlue) achieve 0.3-0.5 cm^-2, yielding only 35-45% usable area versus 60% for Wolfspeed's 6-inch lines. Epitaxial BPD-to-TED conversion rates in domestic CVD reactors (Naura, CETC) lag at 85-90% versus >95% for Aixtron's G5 WW C2, directly impacting 1,200V MOSFET reliability—bipolar degradation from stacking faults can increase on-resistance by 15% after 1,000 hours. Meanwhile, beta-Ga2O3, grown via EFG, offers a Baliga figure of merit 3x SiC at 1/5th substrate cost, but its 0.23 W/m·K thermal conductivity cripples thermal management—a 10kV switch would need 3x the die area to dissipate heat. Pilot lines at Sanan and CETC report 2-inch beta-Ga2O3 substrates with 5N purity, but 4-inch remains elusive. The CAPEX arithmetic is brutal: an 8-inch SiC line costs $800M+ for 100k wafers/year, while Ga2O3 could halve that, yet no one has solved the thermal problem. This report quantifies the trade-offs and identifies where China's equipment ecosystem—Naura's epi-reactors, CETC's ion implantation—could tip the balance.
Int. Journal of Mining Science and Technology (采矿与安全工程)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.04.006
To reveal the deterioration mechanism of coal-rock assemblages under chemical corrosion and dynamic loading, chemical corrosion and dynamic impact experiments were conducted. Under different chemical corrosion conditions, the weakening characteristics, observable characteristics, softening characteristics of the dynamic parameters, dynamic failure characteristics, dynamic failure forms and dynamic microscopic characteristics were analyzed. Under each corrosion condition, the dynamic elastic modulus, dynamic deformation modulus and dynamic peak intensity tended to decrease with immersing time. The dynamic elastic modulus, dynamic deformation modulus and dynamic peak intensity exhibited an inverted U-shaped trend. Under dynamic impact, the failure process of acidly corroded samples can be divided into the following stages: the initial stage, elastic energy accumulation stage, local failure of coal and secondary rock crack expansion stage, coal fragment ejection stage, rock spalling stage and complete instability stage. Under dynamic impact, failure modes exist: coal crushing failure, rock fragmenting failure, rock splitting failure and full splitting failure. After impact failure, sample fragments are distributed in powder, granular, cone and block forms. Based on Zhu-Wang-Tang nonlinear viscoelastic properties, a model considering chemical corrosion and impact damage was proposed. The combined effects of chemical and impact-induced damage on the dynamic mechanical properties of coal-rock assemblages were systematically analyzed.
Int. Journal of Mining Science and Technology (采矿与安全工程)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.06.007
Coal and rock dynamic disasters are always major hidden dangers threatening mine safety production. Many researchers use cement concrete material as filling and energy-absorption materials. However, the current material toughness is not sufficient to meet the requirements of mine disaster prevention. Based on this, in order to find the optimal-ratio material that combines strength and toughness, the synergistic mechanism of lithium slag (LS), ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber mixtures in improving the mechanical properties of cement concrete, as well as the mechanism of microscopic phase evolution, was analyzed through macroscopic experiments, mesoscopic characterization, microscopic analysis, theoretical calculations, and comprehensive evaluation. The stress-strain curves obtained from the uniaxial compressive strength tests of specimens with different admixtures and fibers were investigated, and the characteristics of different stages were analyzed. The mechanical properties of different admixtures and fiber-reinforced materials, including their advantages and disadvantages, were compared through weighted comprehensive evaluation. The entire process of material failure, ranging from pore compaction, crack initiation, crack propagation, specimen instability to crack penetration, was explained via macroscopic fracture morphology, and the mechanical mechanism of how different admixtures affect the mechanical properties of concrete materials was revealed. The microscopic mechanism and the phase-evolution process of how the admixture affects concrete properties were elucidated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), hydration reaction theory, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used to reveal the interfacial pore state and element distribution of the internal microstructure of concrete. The results show that PVA fiber bars can play the role of a “skeleton bridge” to improve the toughness of materials. LS can effectively promote the hydration process and cooperate with PVA fiber bars to enhance the mechanical properties of the material. EVA will inhibit the hydration reaction and degrade the material’s mechanical properties through the “organic isolation” effect. In addition, the on-site application has proven that the R3-group materials in this study can effectively inhibit the deformation of the roadway and possess strong reliability. Finally, the advantages and feasibility of LS-and-fiber-reinforced concrete were discussed from four perspectives: environmental protection, economy, disaster prevention, and development. This paper is expected to provide technical reference for the large-scale disposal of solid waste LS, the performance-optimization direction of concrete materials, and the prevention and control of coal and rock dynamic disasters.