Microscopic phase evolution mechanism of lithium slag and fiber synergistically enhancing concrete toughness: Perspective of preventing coal-rock dynamic disasters through energy absorption

• PVA fibers act as a 'skeleton bridge' to significantly improve concrete toughness, while lithium slag (LS) promotes hydration and synergizes with fibers to enhance mechanical properties. • EVA copolymer inhibits hydration via an 'organic isolation' effect, degrading concrete mechanical performance, highlighting the need for careful admixture selection. • The optimal R3-group material demonstrated effective inhibition of roadway deformation in on-site applications, confirming its reliability for coal-rock dynamic disaster prevention. • LS-and-fiber-reinforced concrete offers environmental, economic, and disaster-prevention benefits, supporting large-scale solid waste disposal and sustainable mining practices.