Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• A novel chiral (NEA)₂MnBr₄ was obtained by introducing three independently tunable primary-color emissive centers. • Comparable emission intensities among the three primary colors were achieved by optimizing components and introducing chirality. • By means of dual control of excitation photon energy and temperature, the sample can emit at least seven different colors, including standard white light emission at (0.33, 0.33). • The material exhibits photoluminescence quantum yields up to 96% and shows promise for anti-counterfeiting, LEDs, X-ray imaging, latent fingerprint detection, and humidity sensing.
Abstract
Organic–inorganic metal halides (OIMHs) have emerged as highly promising novel multifunctional optoelectronic materials, owing to their easily adjustable properties from a variety of combinations of different components. But it is still difficult and rare to realize highly tunable multicolor luminescence within the same material. In this work, we successfully incorporated three adjustable emission centers in OIMHs to synthesize a novel OIMH (NEA)2MnBr4, with each emission center capable of emitting one of the primary colors—red, green, and blue. The green and red emissions originate from the tetrahedron and octahedron structures in the Mn-based frame, while the blue can be attributed to the contribution of organic components. Additionally, to achieve comparable emission intensity among the three primary colors, we enhanced the blue emission performance by optimizing the ratio of organic structure components and incorporating chirality in the OIMHs. The resulting high-quality films can be obtained by spin-coating method with a photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 96%. More interestingly, by the dual manipulation of excitation wavelength and temperature, the sample can be emitted at least seven distinct colors including a standard white luminescence at (0.33, 0.33), opening up promising prospects for multicolor luminescence applications such as high-end anti-counterfeiting technology, light-emitting diodes, X-ray imaging, latent fingerprints, humidity detection, and so on. Therefore, based on application scenarios and requirements, our research on this highly tunable luminescent OIMH material lays a solid foundation for further development of various functional properties of related materials.
1. Introduction
Organic–inorganic metal halides (OIMHs) have garnered increasing attention due to their multifunctional properties, which can be easily adjusted through the manipulation of organic and inorganic components. In order to develop novel functional photoelectric materials, various metal frameworks have been integrated into OIMH system to achieve a wide range of luminescent colors [1–8]. Among the counterparts, Mn-based OIMHs stand out for their potential to offer flexible tunability of emission colors and exceptional luminescence performance. This arises from the unique property of metal-centered d-d (4T1(G)–6A1) radiative transitions, enabling Mn-based OIMHs to exhibit strong green and red luminescence [9–16]. However, there is still a big limitation to produce independent and tunable trichromatic emission centers in Mn-based OIMHs. Traditional solutions such as metal doping or the combination of multiple phosphors have been attempted to obtain the desired colors [17–20]. Unfortunately, the lack of suitable metal dopants in the OIMH system and the complexities of the resulting molecular environment have posed significant challenges for further development and applications. Moreover, such conventional approaches typically yield fixed luminescent colors and increase the difficulty of adjustability.
Therefore, we are committed to developing Mn-based OIMHs with independent and adjustable trichromatic emission centers to achieve desired luminescence color according to specific practical requirements. In fact, the incorporation of organic coordination with blue emission can introduce directly independent blue luminescence centers in Mn-based OIMHs [21]. However, a notable drawback is the significantly weak intensity of the blue emission. Depending on the spatially separated property between organic coordination and inorganic metal frame, it is highly promising to overcome the disadvantage by effectively adjusting the relative ratio between organic and inorganic components and limiting the energy transfer to strengthen the contribution of blue emission.
Following this strategy, we introduced a highly blue-emissive organic ammonium salt, (Naphthyl)ethylamine (NEA), into Mn-based OIMHs as an individual blue emission center. Bromide manganese (MnBr2) is selected as the inorganic framework due to the ability of adjustable dual emission centers [22, 23]. On the one hand, we employed the spin-coating method to ...
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Weidong Cai, Chongyuan Li, Qiang Guo, Fuxiang Ji, Muyi Zhang, Yiqiang Zhan (2026). Modulation of Trichromatic Emission Centers in Organic–Inorganic Hybrids for Optoelectronic Applications. Nano-Micro Letters. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01965-0
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main achievement of this research?
The researchers successfully synthesized a novel organic-inorganic metal halide (NEA)2MnBr4 with three independently tunable emission centers (red, green, blue), achieving comparable intensities and enabling emission of at least seven distinct colors, including standard white light, through dual control of excitation wavelength and temperature.
How was the blue emission enhanced in the material?
Blue emission was enhanced by optimizing the ratio of organic structure components and incorporating chirality into the OIMHs, which helped balance the emission intensities among the three primary colors.
What are the potential applications of this material?
The material shows promise for high-end anti-counterfeiting technology, light-emitting diodes, X-ray imaging, latent fingerprint detection, and humidity sensing, among other multicolor luminescence applications.
What is the photoluminescence quantum yield of the films?
The high-quality films obtained by spin-coating exhibit photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 96%.
How does the material achieve white light emission?
By dual manipulation of excitation photon energy and temperature, the sample can emit standard white light with CIE coordinates (0.33, 0.33), achieved through balanced contributions from the three primary emission centers.
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