Porous nanofibrous dressing enables mesenchymal stem cell spheroid formation and delivery to promote diabetic wound healing

• A novel porous nanofibrous dressing (NFD) enables spontaneous formation of MSC spheroids with controllable sizes, serving as an integrated platform for both formation and delivery. • The NFD, fabricated via electrospinning and homogeneous freeze-drying with thermal crosslinking, exhibits satisfactory elasticity and cytocompatibility. • MSC spheroids cultured on the NFD show enhanced secretion of VEGF, bFGF, and HGF, accelerating diabetic wound healing. • This work provides a competitive strategy for MSC spheroid-based therapy, addressing inefficiencies of traditional two-step approaches.