Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• Basalt fibers oriented and uniformly distributed in the 7075 aluminum matrix induce local grain refinement, improving hardness and elongation. • With increasing basalt fiber addition, the friction coefficient first increased then decreased, while maximum wear depth and wear volume exhibited a non-monotonic trend. • Composites with 0.2 wt.% and 2.0 wt.% basalt fibers (7075-0.2BF and 7075-2.0BF) showed the smallest maximum wear depth and wear volume, along with reduced uneven wear. • The enhanced wear resistance of extruded 7075 aluminum alloy via basalt fiber reinforcement provides a promising reference for improving aluminum alloy drill pipe performance.
Abstract
Basalt fibers/7075 aluminum matrix composites were studied to meet the demand of aluminum alloy drill pipes for material wear resistance. The composites with different basalt fiber additions were prepared by hot pressed sintering and hot extrusion. The mechanical properties as well as friction and wear properties of the composites were studied by microstructure analysis, tensile experiments, friction and wear experiments. The results showed that basalt fibers were oriented and uniformly distributed and led to local grain refinement in the alloy matrix. The hardness and elongation of the composites were improved. The friction coefficient of the composites increased and then decreased, and the maximum wear depth and wear amount decreased, then increased, then decreased again with the growth of basalt fiber addition. Meanwhile, the inclusion of basalt fibers mitigated the uneven wear of the extruded 7075 aluminum alloy. The value of wear depth difference of 7075-0.2BF was the smallest, and that of 7075-2.0BF was close to it. The maximum wear depth and wear volume the 7075-0.2BF and 7075-2.0BF were also the smallest. The inhibition of uneven wear by basalt fibers enhanced of wear resistance for 7075 aluminum alloy, which has reference significance for improving the performance of aluminum alloy drill pipes.
1. Introduction
Aluminum alloy drill pipes are widely used for their lightweight and high specific strength [1−4]. However, the poor wear resistance and corrosion resistance seriously affect its safety and reliability in the application [5−8]. Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) have been widely used in aircraft, automobiles, and electronics [9, 10]. Not only having great specific strength, AMCs also have desirable wear resistance, fatigue resistance, chemical stability, and processing performance [11−14]. Therefore, the study of AMCs for drill pipes is of great meaning.
Basalt fiber is prepared from natural basalt, which has good chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and high temperature resistance, and is often used as an important material for composite reinforcement [15−18]. MARINI et al [19] have studied the short basalt fiber/AZ63 magnesium alloy composites, basalt fibers have good impregnation and strong interfacial interaction with the magnesium alloy matrix. The application of basalt fibers in aluminum alloys has also received the attention of many scholars [20]. EZHIL VANNAN et al [21] prepared short basalt fiber reinforced AMCs by composite casting process and studied their dry sliding wear behavior, the wear resistance of basalt short fiber composites is superior to that of matrix alloy. ADOLE et al [22] prepared basalt fiber/A356 AMCs by stirring casting technique and found the intermetallic compounds in the matrix-fiber interface improved the tensile strength and wear resistance of the composites. BRUCE RALPHIN ROSE et al [23] prepared basalt fiber/7075 AMCs for automotive clutches by stir casting, the friction and wear characteristics of the composites were experimentally investigated using a pin-on-disk apparatus, and justified the application of basalt fibers in clutch facings. KARTHIGEYAN et al [24] prepared Al/basalt short fiber metal matrix composites by the permanent stir casting technique, and found that forging can improve the fatigue strength of composites. Existing studies have shown that it is feasible and has practical significance to add basalt fibers to 7075 aluminum alloys to enhance the performance of aluminum alloys. The application of basalt fiber reinforced composites in aluminum alloy drill pipes is also of research significance. However, the mechanical properties and wear behavior of the composites when applied to drill pipes still need to be further investigated.
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MA Yin-long, SUN Zhi-gang, XIONG Hong-wei, REN Jie, ZHAO Jing-jing, GUO Cheng-bin (2025). Mechanical properties and wear behavior of extruded basalt fibers/7075 aluminum matrix composites used for drill pipes. Journal of Central South University. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-025-5849-y
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are basalt fiber reinforced 7075 aluminum matrix composites?
Basalt fiber reinforced 7075 aluminum matrix composites are advanced materials that combine 7075 aluminum alloy with basalt fibers to enhance mechanical properties and wear resistance. The fibers are added in small weight percentages and distributed uniformly in the matrix, leading to grain refinement and improved performance.
How are basalt fibers/7075 aluminum matrix composites prepared?
The composites are prepared by hot pressed sintering followed by hot extrusion. This process ensures that the basalt fibers are oriented and uniformly distributed within the aluminum matrix, resulting in improved hardness, elongation, and wear resistance.
What effect do basalt fibers have on the mechanical properties of 7075 aluminum alloy?
The addition of basalt fibers improves the hardness and elongation of the 7075 aluminum alloy. The fibers induce local grain refinement in the matrix, which contributes to enhanced mechanical performance.
How does basalt fiber addition influence the wear behavior of 7075 aluminum composites?
Basalt fiber addition alters the friction coefficient and wear characteristics of the composite. With increasing fiber content, the friction coefficient first increases then decreases. Composites with 0.2 wt.% and 2.0 wt.% basalt fibers exhibit the smallest maximum wear depth and wear volume, and also mitigate uneven wear.
What is the significance of this research for aluminum alloy drill pipes?
This research demonstrates that adding basalt fibers to 7075 aluminum alloy significantly improves wear resistance, which is critical for drill pipe applications. The findings provide a reference for developing more durable and reliable aluminum alloy drill pipes.
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