• Uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus increase with loading rate, with a maximum strength increase of 25.15%.
• Failure modes are classified into 'slip-crack synchronization' and 'crack-first-then-slip' types, with slip more severe at high loading rates.
• Shear cracks dominate at low loading rates (60.01%), while tensile cracks dominate at high loading rates (70.52%).
• Total and dissipated energy peaks increase with loading rate, with C & S type exhibiting higher peak energy than S & C type.