Advances in graphene/molybdenum dichalcogenide-based van der Waals heterostructure photodetectors

• Graphene/MoX2 van der Waals heterostructures combine high carrier mobility of graphene with high absorption coefficient of MoX2, effectively reducing dark current and enhancing photodetector performance. • The review systematically covers working principles, performance metrics, and device architectures, providing a comprehensive framework for designing high-performance photodetectors. • Various preparation methods and performance enhancement strategies are summarized, offering practical guidance for fabricating graphene/MoX2 vdWH photodetectors. • Current challenges and future research directions are identified, highlighting the potential for further optimization and practical applications in optoelectronics.