• Microalloying with Sc and Zr forms coherent L12 nanoprecipitates (Al3Zr, Al3Sc, Al3(Sc,Zr)) that simultaneously enhance mechanical strength and thermal stability without compromising electrical conductivity.
• These precipitates provide precipitation strengthening and Zener pinning of grain boundaries, significantly improving high-temperature performance and resistance to recrystallization.
• The addition of rare earth elements like erbium (Er) accelerates precipitation kinetics and retards coarsening, offering a cost-effective route to improve thermal stability.
• Advanced thermomechanical processing, such as combining cold drawing with aging treatments, enables scalable optimization of the strength–conductivity balance for high-performance conductor manufacturing.