Advanced Nanomedicines for Treating Refractory Inflammation-Related Diseases

• Provides a comprehensive overview of inflammation-related diseases and the role of nanomedicine in their treatment. • Classifies nanomaterials commonly used for inflammatory disease therapy, highlighting their mechanisms and therapeutic potential. • Summarizes current nanomedical applications with desirable therapeutic efficacy in treating various inflammatory conditions. • Discusses challenges and future perspectives in nanomedicine for inflammatory diseases, emphasizing translational barriers and potential solutions.