• ASG enables autonomous generation of circuit schematics, serving as a cornerstone technology in electronic design automation (EDA) and PCB reverse engineering.
• The review systematically analyzes core algorithms—layout and routing—and identifies critical bottlenecks caused by complex PCB manufacturing processes and legal/ethical concerns.
• The paper proposes feasible solutions to overcome technical barriers, aiming to enhance the security, maintenance, and intellectual property verification of PCB equipment.
• By promoting automation in PCB reverse engineering, ASG contributes to the safe and reliable operation of electronic systems across modern infrastructure.