• Two-dimensional (2D) materials are highlighted for their exceptional mechanical, electrical, optical, and chemical properties, making them ideal for fabricating high-performance wearable biodevices.
• The review categorizes cutting-edge wearable biodevices by their interactions with physical, electrophysiological, and biochemical signals, showcasing how 2D materials enhance these devices’ functionality, mainly including self-powering and human-machine interaction.
• 2D materials enable multifunctional, high-performance biodevices, integrating self-powered systems, treatment platforms, and human-machine interactions, though challenges remain in practical applications.
• The review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress, challenges, and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices, guiding future research directions.