• Visual knowledge is a novel knowledge representation rooted in cognitive psychology, encapsulating visual concepts and relations in an interpretable form.
• Large AI models (foundation models) extract implicit knowledge from data but suffer from opacity, data demands, and hallucination.
• Integrating visual knowledge can potentially alleviate weaknesses of large models by providing interpretable reasoning and real-world understanding.
• The paper reviews the origins and development of visual knowledge and outlines promising future directions for the big model era.