Vat photopolymerization 3D printing of ceramic cores: Advances, challenges, and prospects

• VPP 3D printing offers high surface quality and printing accuracy (~μm), making it a promising method for fabricating complex ceramic cores for aeroengine turbine blades. • Key challenges include layered structures, property anisotropy, cracks, collapse, forming inaccuracies, and surface roughness control, which hinder practical application. • Recent advances focus on optimizing slurry formulation, curing behavior, auxiliary powders, forming parameters, and sintering processes to mitigate these issues. • Future research should refine curing mechanisms, advance powder design and organic systems, and regulate coupled forming, debinding, and sintering processes to accelerate aerospace adoption.