• This review delves into the mechanism of the state-of-the-art lithium–sulfur batteries from a novel perspective of cathode–electrolyte interface.
• It provides extensive strategies to construct a stable cathode–electrolyte interphase layer and improve the uneven deposition of Li2S, enhancing the stability of the interface structure.
• It proposes an in-depth and comprehensive research on how to inhibit the shuttle effect at the cathode–electrolyte interface with regard to distinct reaction pathways.
• The review emphasizes the need for optimized cathode–electrolyte interface and electrodes to achieve high-power and stable lithium–sulfur batteries.