Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• The presence of a cross passage significantly alters propagation paths and spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity, with PPV at the cross-passage corner amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing. • Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuate non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section, with PPV on the blast-face side being 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side. • An improved PPV attenuation model accounting for the propagation path effect significantly improves fitting accuracy and resolves anomalous parameter estimates in traditional equations. • Optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting are discussed based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration.
Abstract
Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures. This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations. The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity. The peak particle velocity (PPV) at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing. Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section, where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side. We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect. This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter (k and a) estimates in traditional equations, thereby improving prediction reliability. Furthermore, based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration, optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed. These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.
1. Introduction
Economic development and the expansion of transportation networks have driven the rapid growth of deep underground projects [1–4]. Among tunneling methods, the drilling-and-blasting method remains widely used for various complex geological conditions due to its high flexibility, strong adaptability, construction reliability, and superior cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, blasting operations generate a range of adverse effects, including ground vibrations, air overpressure, fly rock, toxic gases, noise, and dust, all of which can compromise construction safety and negatively impact the surrounding environment [5–7]. Under deep-burial conditions, blasting causes an instantaneous release of in-situ stress. This release generates strong unloading vibration waves that further amplify dynamic disturbances in the rock masses [8–10]. Excessive blasting-induced vibration may therefore trigger geological hazards and undermine the stability of rock mass and support structures. Therefore, for deep tunnels excavated by the drilling-and-blasting method, it is essential to elucidate the transmission behavior of blasting-induced vibration and to implement effective measures to control the vibration responses at critical locations.
In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the dynamic response of tunnels to blasting-induced loads. Regarding theoretical investigations, Li et al. [11] explored stress concentration in the rock mass of adjacent tunnels subjected to blasting-induced vibration and the resulting tunnel stability using the wave function expansion method. Tao et al. [12] derived expressions for the dynamic stress concentration factor around circular tunnels embedded in an infinite homogeneous medium under arbitrary transient waveforms by applying complex variable functions and Fourier transform techniques. Zhao et al. [13] examined the dynamic res...
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Chong Yu, Yongan Ma, Haibo Li, Changjian Wang, Haibin Wang, Linghao Meng (2025). Spatial response and prediction model for blasting-induced vibration in a deep double-line tunnel. SinoTechIntel Verified Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.11.009
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main focus of the study on blasting-induced vibration in deep double-line tunnels?
The study systematically analyzes the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration in a deep double-line tunnel (Sejila Mountain tunnel) and develops a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.
How does the presence of a cross passage affect blasting-induced vibration?
The presence of a cross passage significantly alters propagation paths and spatial distribution of vibration velocity, with peak particle velocity (PPV) at the cross-passage corner amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.
What is the key improvement in the proposed PPV attenuation model?
The improved model accounts for the propagation path effect, significantly improving fitting accuracy and resolving anomalous parameter (k and a) estimates in traditional equations, thereby enhancing prediction reliability.
What practical recommendations are provided based on the findings?
The study discusses optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting, providing a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.
What is the significance of the study for deep tunnel construction?
The findings help in understanding vibration transmission behavior and implementing effective control measures to prevent geological hazards and ensure stability of rock mass and support structures during deep tunnel excavation.
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