Simulation prediction and experimental study of phase equilibrium for Ag−Cu and Ag−Sb binary alloys in vacuum distillation

• M-MIVM accurately predicts activities for Ag−Cu and Ag−Sb alloys with deviations below 5% and 0.02. • Theoretical VLE phase diagrams (T−x−y and p−x−y) were constructed and validated experimentally. • Experimental VLE data for Ag−Cu (1500–1560 K, 10–15 Pa) and Ag−Sb (950–1350 K, 10 Pa) matched simulations. • VLE diagrams provide reliable guidance for vacuum separation and industrial production of these alloys.