Parallel fault diagnosis using hierarchical fuzzy Petri net by reversible and dynamic decomposition mechanism

• Proposes a parallel bidirectional reasoning algorithm for fuzzy Petri nets (FPNs) to solve the state explosion problem. • Uses hierarchical decomposition and reversal strategies to split large-scale FPNs into sub-FPNs, enabling efficient parallel processing. • Achieves significant enhancement in inference efficiency and substantial reduction in execution time, validated by a case study. • Provides explicit mapping between original and reversed FPNs, improving interpretability and practical applicability in fault diagnosis.