Novel sodium-ion battery anode design of Sn4P3 nanoparticles loaded on biomass-derived carbon

• A novel Sn4P3 nanoparticle anode was synthesized using an Sn-based metal-organic framework (Sn-MOF) as precursor and loaded on biomass-derived carbon from Canadian Goldenrod. • The composite delivers a high reversible capacity of 489.5 mA·h/g after 100 cycles at 0.2 A/g and retains stable capacity after 500 cycles at 2 A/g. • Biomass-derived porous carbon serves as a structural scaffold that mitigates volume expansion and provides additional sodium-ion storage sites, enhancing cycling stability. • This work presents a sustainable, low-cost design strategy for high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes, advancing next-generation energy storage systems.