• This review details the classification of bionic objects for bionic wave-absorbing materials, spanning marine organisms, insects, plants, and animals, each imparting unique influences and applications.
• The multifunctional applications of bionic microwave absorption materials are systematically introduced, covering microwave absorption, anti-corrosion, mechanics, electronics, and wearable devices.
• The theoretical basis and simulation calculations of bionic microwave absorption materials are discussed, including broadband absorption breakthroughs and bionic gradient design.
• The review provides valuable insights and inspiration for researchers, fostering collective advancement in the field of bionic microwave absorption materials.