• Demonstrated a single-mode 850 nm VCSEL achieving 60 Gb/s NRZ and 104 Gb/s PAM4 modulation over 100 m OM5 fiber without equalization or filtering.
• Optical injection locking enhanced the 3 dB bandwidth to 68.5 GHz, enabling ultra-high-speed operation.
• The VCSEL design incorporates a double mesa structure and BCB for improved thermal management and high-speed performance.
• Single-mode operation mitigates modal dispersion, extending transmission distance in VCSEL-MMF optical interconnects.