Hierarchically Porous Polypyrrole Foams Contained Ordered Polypyrrole Nanowire Arrays for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Dynamic Infrared Stealth

• Hierarchical melamine foam/polypyrrole nanowire arrays (MF@PPy) were fabricated via one-step electrochemical polymerization, achieving a 3D porous PPy micro-skeleton with ordered 1D PPy nanowire arrays. • The MF@PPy foams exhibited exceptional EMI shielding performance of 55.77 dB and a specific shielding effectiveness of 19,928.57 dB cm2 g−1, attributed to multiple attenuation mechanisms. • The PPy nanowire arrays imparted multifunctionality including hydrophobicity (water contact angle 142°), thermal insulation, and rapid Joule heating for dynamic infrared stealth and thermal camouflage. • This work provides a novel strategy for developing advanced multifunctional EMI shielding foams with potential applications in military and civilian fields.