Dynamic impact simulation tests of deep roadways affected by high stress and fault slip

• A novel physical simulation test system successfully reproduced both high stress and fault slip dynamic impact phenomena in deep roadways. • High stress dynamic impact induces symmetric damage with high energy release, while fault slip dynamic impact causes asymmetric damage via unilateral stress wave propagation. • Comparative analysis revealed distinct stress evolution, roadway deformation, and support force responses for the two dynamic impact types. • Differentiated control concepts are proposed for mitigating high stress versus fault slip dynamic impact hazards in deep roadways.