Developing mRNA Nanomedicines with Advanced Targeting Functions

• Comprehensive review of mRNA nanomedicines with advanced targeting functions, covering structure, carriers, and delivery strategies. • Detailed analysis of passive, endogenous, and active targeting mechanisms, along with biological barriers affecting in vivo delivery. • Summary of organ-specific targeting strategies for mRNA nanomedicines, highlighting therapeutic potential across diseases. • Discussion of clinical translation challenges and future perspectives, emphasizing solutions to biological barriers.