Defect Engineering: Can it Mitigate Strong Coulomb Effect of Mg2+ in Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries?

• Defect engineering, including vacancy and doping, effectively mitigates the strong Coulomb effect on Mg2+ migration in cathode materials, enhancing diffusion kinetics. • The review systematically analyzes the intrinsic migration mechanisms of Mg2+ and identifies key factors affecting ion diffusion, providing a theoretical foundation for defect design. • Various defect introduction strategies are summarized, demonstrating their positive impact on electrochemical performance of RMB cathodes. • Future directions emphasize the need for advanced characterization and computational methods to precisely control defects for high-performance RMBs.