Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• A novel electrospinning method creates ordered honeycomb and spinous dual-coupled microstructures in nanofibrous membranes, enhancing mechanical, breathability, and sensing performance. • The electronic skin exhibits a 276% increase in pressure sensitivity and a 137% increase in detection range compared to conventional random porous membranes. • The device achieves real-time, interference-free dual-modal sensing of pressure and temperature with a maximum temperature coefficient of resistance of −0.918 °C−1. • The skin-conformal and breathable design, using ionic liquid functionalized nanofibrous membranes, enables comfortable and reliable wearable applications.
Abstract
The random nanofiber distribution in traditional electrospun membranes restricts the pressure sensing sensitivity and measurement range of electronic skin. Moreover, current multimodal sensing suffers from issues like overlapping signal outputs and slow response. Herein, a novel electrospinning method is proposed to prepare double-coupled microstructured nanofibrous membranes. Through the effect of high voltage electrostatic field in the electrospinning, the positively charged nanofibers are preferentially attached to the negatively charged foam surface, forming the ordered two-dimensional honeycomb porous nanofibrous membrane with three-dimensional spinous microstructure. Compared with the conventional random porous nanofibrous membrane, the bionic two-dimensional honeycomb and three-dimensional spinous dual-coupled microstructures in the ordered porous nanofibrous membrane endows the electronic skin with significantly improved mechanical properties (maximum tensile strain increased by 77% and fatigue resistance increased by 35%), air permeability (water vapor transmission rate increased by 16%) and sensing properties (pressure sensitivity increased by 276% and detection range increased by 137%). Furthermore, the electronic skin was constructed by means of a conformal composite ionic liquid functionalized nanofibrous membrane, and the real-time and interference-free dual-signal monitoring of pressure and temperature (maximum temperature coefficient of resistance: −0.918 °C−1) was realized.
1. Introduction
With the rapid development of the internet of things, artificial intelligence and wearable technology, flexible electronic skin (e-skin), as the core component of bionic sensing systems, is gradually moving from the laboratory to practical applications[1]. By simulating the multimodal sensing capabilities of human skin such as touch and temperature perception, electronic skin can provide real-time and accurate environmental feedback for intelligent robots, medical health monitoring, human-computer interaction and other fields[2−5]. However, in order to achieve comprehensive performance comparable to that of biological skin, electronic skin must simultaneously meet the stringent requirements of high sensitivity, wide detection range, fast response, and other criteria.
Traditional electrospun membranes often suffer from random nanofiber distribution, which limits pressure sensing sensitivity and measurement range. Moreover, current multimodal sensing approaches face challenges such as overlapping signal outputs and slow response times. To address these issues, this work proposes a novel electrospinning method to fabricate double-coupled microstructured nanofibrous membranes, enabling enhanced mechanical properties, breathability, and sensing performance for advanced electronic skin applications.
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Hao Zhu, Zhelin Jin, Tie Li, Guanggui Cheng, Jianning Ding (2025). Breathable and skin-conformal electronic skin with dual-modality synchronous perception of pressure and temperature. SinoTechIntel Verified Research. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/25020031
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main innovation of this electronic skin?
The main innovation is the use of a novel electrospinning method to create ordered honeycomb and spinous dual-coupled microstructures in nanofibrous membranes, which significantly enhances pressure sensitivity, detection range, mechanical properties, and breathability compared to conventional random porous membranes.
How does the electronic skin achieve dual-modality sensing?
The electronic skin is constructed using a conformal composite ionic liquid functionalized nanofibrous membrane, which enables real-time and interference-free simultaneous monitoring of pressure and temperature, with a maximum temperature coefficient of resistance of −0.918 °C−1.
What are the performance improvements of the new electronic skin?
Compared to conventional random porous nanofibrous membranes, the new electronic skin shows a 276% increase in pressure sensitivity, a 137% increase in detection range, a 77% increase in maximum tensile strain, a 35% increase in fatigue resistance, and a 16% increase in water vapor transmission rate.
What are the potential applications of this electronic skin?
The electronic skin can be used in intelligent robots, medical health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and other fields requiring real-time and accurate sensing of pressure and temperature with high comfort and breathability.
How is the breathability of the electronic skin achieved?
Breathability is achieved through the ordered porous structure of the nanofibrous membrane, which increases the water vapor transmission rate by 16% compared to conventional random porous membranes, allowing for better air permeability and skin comfort.
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