• A biomimetic micro-nanostructured superhydrophobic surface is fabricated via ultrafast laser etching, enhancing light trapping and water transport.
• Double-transition-metal (V1/2Mo1/2)2CTx MXene exhibits superior photothermal conversion due to elevated joint densities of states.
• The composite membrane achieves a high evaporation rate of 2.23 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun, with directed salt harvesting and zero brine discharge.
• The evaporator integrates anti-/de-icing, anti-fouling, and antibacterial properties, overcoming compatibility challenges for multifunctionality.