Beneficial role of Sn in rapid rust stabilization of weathering steel in marine environments

• Sn addition promotes rapid stabilization of rust layers on weathering steel in marine environments, reducing the time needed for protective rust formation. • A synergistic effect between Sn and Cr accelerates densification of the rust layer, enhancing its resistance to chloride ion penetration. • The study provides an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical stabilization treatments, mitigating pollution concerns. • Findings support the use of Sn as an effective alloying element for improving corrosion resistance of weathering steel in coastal applications.