Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• The anchor box beam support system reduces peak stress by 21.9% and increases average deformation by 135.0% compared to conventional support members. • The ultimate bending bearing capacity of the box-shaped support beam is 3.5 times that of traditional channel beam. • The effective compressive stress zone of high prestressed cables is expanded by 26.4%, enhancing the prestressed support influence range. • Field tests demonstrate that the anchor box beam system reduces surrounding rock convergence by 41.2% and 22.2% relative to anchor channel beam and anchor I-shaped beam supports.
Abstract
Considering the characteristics of deep thick top coal roadway, in which the high ground stress, coal seam with low strength, and a large range of surrounding rock fragmentation, the pressure relief anchor box beam support system with high strength is developed. The high-strength bearing characteristics and coupling yielding support mechanism of this support system are studied by the mechanical tests of composite members and the combined support system. The test results show that under the coupling effect of support members, the peak stress of the box-shaped support beam in the anchor box beam is reduced by 21.9%, and the average deformation is increased by 135.0%. The ultimate bending bearing capacity of the box-shaped support beam is 3.5 times that of traditional channel beam. The effective compressive stress zone applied by the high prestressed cable is expanded by 26.4%. On this basis, the field support comparison test by the anchor channel beam, the anchor I-shaped beam and the anchor box beam are carried out. Compared with those of the previous two, the surrounding rock convergence of the latter is decreased by 41.2% and 22.2%, respectively. The field test verifies the effectiveness of the anchor box beam support system.
1. Introduction
With the increasing demand for coal resources and the continuous increase in mining intensity, shallow coal resources tend to be depleted, and the depth of coal mining is increasing annually [1−4]. Due to the characteristics of high ground stress and low coal seam strength in deep thick roof coal roadway, the surrounding rock loosening and damage range after roadway excavation is large, and the overall bearing capacity is poor [5−8]. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the roadway roof coal seam and the deep stable rock stratum are quite different, and the problem of roof delamination is severe. It is difficult for a single support structure to meet the stability control requirements of the rock in deep thick top coal roadway [9−12]. As a combined support system, the anchor cable beam can not only provide high prestressed active support but also expand the influence range of the prestressed support effect [13−16].
Many scholars have conducted extensive research on anchor beam support technology. YAN et al [17] established a mechanical model of roadway surrounding rock deformation under anchor cable beam support based on the coupling relationship between the anchor cable beam and roof strata. CHEN et al [18] proposed a comprehensive control method with “anchor cable-channel steel beam system” as the primary support, which effectively solves the problem of weak surrounding rock roadway under severe mining deformation control problems. WANG et al [19] proposed an integrated control system of an “asymmetric anchor cable beam” for the support problem of a large-scale section gob-side entry roof with fully mechanized caving. The field application of this supporting technology has achieved good supporting effect. XU et al [20] proposed the support system of a “high-pretensioned top beam high-strength dual-anchor truss support system”, and the bearing mechanism of the support system is studied through numerical experiments. The above research shows that the anchor cable beam support system has been widely used in the support of roadway surrounding rock. It has a good control effect on the roof deformation of the rock surrounding.
At present, the support beams in anchor cable beam support mainly include channel beam, W-shaped beam, I-shaped steel beams and U-shaped steel beams [21−23]. Commonly used channel beam and W-shaped steel beam are prone to instability failure under high ground stress due to insufficient strength and stiffness. At the same time, the web plate of these steel beams is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, which cannot effectively yield deformation. The flange positions of I-shaped steel beam and U-shaped steel beam are in contact with the surrounding rock during support, resulting in too little surface area and stress concentration [24−26]. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of anchor beam support system that can effectively transmit
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WANG Qi, WANG Ming-zi, JIANG Bei, XU Chuan-jie (2025). Bearing characteristics of anchor box beam support system in deep thick roof coal roadway and its application. Journal of Central South University. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-025-5962-y
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is an anchor box beam support system?
The anchor box beam support system is a high-strength combined support structure developed for deep thick roof coal roadways, integrating box-shaped support beams and high prestressed cables to improve bearing capacity and control surrounding rock deformation.
How does the anchor box beam improve support performance compared to traditional channel beams?
The box-shaped beam reduces peak stress by 21.9%, increases average deformation by 135.0%, and achieves 3.5 times the ultimate bending bearing capacity of traditional channel steel beams, while expanding the effective prestressed compressive zone by 26.4%.
What are the field test results for the anchor box beam support system?
In field comparative tests, the anchor box beam system decreased surrounding rock convergence by 41.2% and 22.2% compared to anchor channel beam and anchor I-shaped beam supports, respectively, verifying its effectiveness in deep thick roof coal roadways.
Why is the anchor box beam needed for deep thick roof coal roadways?
Deep thick roof coal roadways experience high ground stress, low coal seam strength, and large surrounding rock fragmentation, making conventional support beams prone to instability; the anchor box beam provides better yielding deformation and load distribution.
What are the main components of the anchor box beam support system?
The system combines box-shaped support beams with high prestressed cables, utilizing the coupling effect of the members to enhance overall bearing characteristics and stability.
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