Application of Sr2FeMoO6−δ-based medium entropy oxide as an anode internal reforming catalyst in solid oxide fuel cells fueled by low-concentration coal mine methane

• A novel medium-entropy oxide Sr2FeNi0.1Cr0.3Mn0.3Mo0.3O6−δ (SFNCMM) was developed as an anode internal reforming catalyst for SOFCs fueled by low-concentration coal mine methane (LC-CMM). • The catalyst achieved a methane conversion rate of 53.3% and exhibited excellent catalytic performance for LC-CMM reforming. • The SFNCMM-GDC (7:3) anode catalytic layer delivered maximum power densities of 1467.32 mW·cm−2 (H2) and 1116.97 mW·cm−2 (LC-CMM) at 800°C, with stable operation over 100 h without significant carbon deposition. • This work demonstrates the potential of medium-entropy oxides as effective catalytic layers to mitigate carbon deposition in SOFCs, enabling efficient utilization of low-concentration coal mine methane.