Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• Electrospinning enables precise fabrication of nanofiber components for flexible lithium-ion batteries, enhancing energy density and cycling stability. • Carbon nanofibers improve electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and surface area, crucial for high-performance FLIBs. • Optimization of electrospinning parameters (electric field, spinning rate, concentration, carbonization) is key to battery reliability under mechanical deformation. • Carbon-based materials in electrodes, electrolytes, and separators present both challenges and opportunities for advancing flexible energy storage.
Abstract
Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batteries (FLIBs) due to its ability to create materials with desirable properties for energy storage applications. FLIBs, which are foldable and have high energy densities, are becoming increasingly important as power sources for wearable devices, flexible electronics, and mobile energy applications. Carbon materials, especially carbon nanofibers, are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increasing electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and surface area, as well as reducing costs. These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and improving structural integrity, which are essential for extending the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries. This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components, with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials. It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning parameters, such as electric field strength, spinning rate, solution concentration, and carbonization process. Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending. It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials, high-performance electrolytes, and separator structures, discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present. It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.
1. Introduction
The impending scarcity of energy and the pollution of the environment pose a dual challenge, making the research and development of high-performance, environment-friendly, and sustainable energy storage devices a global scientific research hotspot. Electrospinning technology, as an advanced method for preparing nanofiber materials, has attracted significant attention due to its application in the field of batteries[1‒4]. Using this technology, polymer solutions or melts are stretched under a high-voltage electrostatic field to prepare ultrafine fibers with high specific surface area, high porosity, and excellent mechanical properties. These characteristics make them an ideal choice for electrode materials and battery separators, not only enhancing the energy density of batteries but also significantly improving the charging and discharging performance along with the cycling stability by optimizing ion transport efficiency.
By finely adjusting spinning parameters, such as electric field strength, jet velocity, and spinning solution concentration, the properties of fibers can be precisely controlled, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of batteries in practical applications. Although previous studies have reviewed the application of electrospinning technology in the preparation of lithium-ion battery (LIB) materials and discussed its principles, advantages[1], and applications in the preparation of electrode materials, electrolytes, and separators[2‒4], with the rapid development of electronic devices, market demands for battery performance are increasingly high, especially in terms of portability, safety, energy density, and cycle life. Traditional LIBs have made certain progress, but their application in ...
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XING Jia-yi, ZHANG Yu-zhuo, FENG Shu-xin, JI Ke-meng (2025). A review of the use of electrospinning in the preparation of flexible lithium-ion batteries. SinoTechIntel Verified Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2025-2-3)
Research & Educational Purpose Only:The translations, structured abstracts, analytical annotations, and data reports provided by SinoTechIntel are intended exclusively for academic research, internal corporate R&D, and educational benchmarking. They do not constitute formal engineering, chemical safety, legal, or professional advice.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is electrospinning and how is it used in flexible lithium-ion batteries?
Electrospinning is a technique that uses high-voltage electrostatic fields to stretch polymer solutions or melts into ultrafine fibers. In flexible lithium-ion batteries (FLIBs), it is used to fabricate nanofiber electrodes, separators, and electrolytes with high surface area and porosity, enhancing energy density and cycling stability.
Why are carbon nanofibers important for flexible lithium-ion batteries?
Carbon nanofibers improve electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and surface area, which are crucial for efficient charge transport and structural integrity. They also help establish conducting networks that extend cycle life and enhance safety, making them pivotal for high-performance FLIBs.
What electrospinning parameters affect the performance of flexible lithium-ion batteries?
Key parameters include electric field strength, spinning rate, solution concentration, and carbonization process. Precise control over these parameters determines fiber diameter, porosity, and mechanical properties, which directly impact battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.
What are the main challenges in using electrospinning for flexible batteries?
Challenges include scaling up production, ensuring uniformity of fibers, and integrating carbon materials into electrodes and separators without compromising flexibility. Additionally, optimizing the trade-off between mechanical flexibility and electrochemical performance remains a key hurdle.
How does electrospinning contribute to the development of wearable devices?
Electrospinning enables the fabrication of thin, flexible, and lightweight battery components that can be integrated into wearable devices. The high surface area and porosity of electrospun fibers enhance energy density and charge/discharge rates, making them suitable for powering flexible electronics.
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