• FeOx-N/C catalyst, derived from Ketjenblack carbon, PIL, and Fe(NO3)3, exhibits high ORR activity in both alkaline and acidic media.
• The PIL [Hvim]NO3 ensures uniform dispersion of Fe3+ and generates porosity via NO3− decomposition, enhancing catalytic performance.
• Zinc-air battery assembled with FeOx-N/C achieves a peak power density of 185 mW·cm−2, demonstrating practical applicability.
• The catalyst's wide pH range, high activity, and simple preparation make it a promising non-precious metal alternative to Pt-based catalysts.