Opto-Electronic Advances (光电进展)•2026•DOI: 10.29026/oea.2026.250216
The intrinsic trade-off between depth-of-focus and lateral resolution in conventional optical systems constrains three-dimensional imaging in compact form factors. This work demonstrates an electrically tunable dual-mode metalens that integrates hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) meta-atoms with a liquid crystal (LC) modulator to independently manipulate left- and right-circularly polarized (LCP/RCP) light at 635 nm. Under LCP illumination, the metalens generates a rotating double-helix point spread function (PSF) encoding depth via rotation angle; under RCP illumination, it produces an extended depth-of-focus with a narrow PSF for high-resolution imaging. Propagation and geometric phases were co-optimized via rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), yielding high transmittance and precise phase control. Experimental characterization confirmed near-diffraction-limited lateral and axial resolutions. The integrated LC cell enables millisecond-scale polarization switching between depth-sensitive and high-resolution modes. Depth extraction was validated by correlating rotation angles of dual-image focal spots under mixed-polarization illumination, with axial displacements of Δz1 = 30.5 μm, Δz2 = 0 μm, and Δz3 = −48.3 μm corresponding to rotation angles β = −25.6°, 0°, and 16.9°, respectively. Depth-resolved imaging of a rubber-tree leaf, skeletal-muscle cross-section, and live planarian retrieved color-coded depth maps, demonstrating efficacy on complex biological tissues. This polarization-driven platform offers a compact solution for biomedical imaging, three-dimensional sensing, and adaptive optics.
Nano-Micro Letters•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01637-5
Building anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with enriched LiF is considered the most promising strategy to address inferior safety features and poor cyclability of lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we discover that, instead of direct electron transfer from surface polar groups to bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI−) for inducing a LiF-rich SEI, the dipole-induced fluorinated-anion decomposition reaction begins with the adsorption of Li ions and is highly dependent on their mobility on the polar surface. To demonstrate this, a single-layer graphdiyne on MXene (sGDY@MXene) heterostructure has been successfully fabricated and integrated into polypropylene separators. It is found that the adsorbed Li ions connect electron-donating sGDY@MXene to TFSI−, facilitating interfacial charge transfer for TFSI− decomposition. However, this does not capture the entire picture. The sGDY@MXene also renders the adsorbed Li ions with high mobility, enabling them to reach optimal reaction sites and expedite their coordination processes with O on O=S=O and F on the broken –CF3−, facilitating bond cleavage. In contrast, immobilized Li ions on the more lithiophilic pristine MXene retard these cleavage processes. Consequently, the decomposition reaction is accelerated on sGDY@MXene. This work highlights the dedicate balance between lithiophilicity and Li-ion mobility in effectively promoting a LiF-rich SEI for the long-term stability of LMBs.
Int. Journal of Mining Science and Technology (采矿与安全工程)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.01.004
The thermal effects of coal combustion considerably influence the physical and chemical properties, structural characteristics, and stability of rocks, posing a serious threat to the safety of coal mining operations. In this study, the impacts of temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics (i.e., mineral phase, microstructure, and mechanical strength) of sandstone were investigated by employing experimental methods, including microstructural analysis, uniaxial acoustic emission (AE), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results indicate that temperature alters the mineral phase and the pore characteristics, and these two factors jointly affect the mechanical properties of sandstone. The influence of temperature on the mechanical strength of sandstone is categorized into low-temperature strengthening and high-temperature damage, with a threshold temperature identified at 600 °C. The low-temperature strengthening effect encompasses both pore strengthening and mineral phase strengthening, while the high-temperature damage effect primarily results from pore damage. As the experimental temperature rises, both the number of AE events and the AE energy transition from a surge in the post-peak failure stage to a stepwise increase during the loading process. This transition implies that the failure mode of the sandstone sample evolves from brittle failure to tensile failure.