Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (中国有色金属学报)•2026•DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67055-0
Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) offer exceptional high-temperature performance and lightweight characteristics, yet their limited manufacturability restricts fabrication of complex, large-scale structural components. Ni-based superalloys exhibit outstanding elevated-temperature properties, and hybrid CMC/superalloy components can significantly expand engineering applications. Interfacial residual stresses arising from thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) mismatch, thermal gradient differences, and phase transformations severely impair joint performance. This review systematically examines residual stress formation mechanisms in CMCs/Ni-based superalloys joints and summarizes mitigation methodologies including interlayer techniques, composite filler approaches, and interface structure design strategies. Key experimental findings from recent studies demonstrate that composite fillers incorporating nanoparticles (e.g., Ag-CuO-Al2O3, Si3N4, Sc2W3O12, graphene nanosheets, carbon nanotubes, WC) effectively regulate interfacial reactions and relieve residual stresses. For instance, Ag-Cu-Ti+Sc2(WO4)3 composite filler reduced residual stress in Cf/SiC-GH3536 joints, while graphene nanoplatelets reinforced AgCuTi fillers improved SiC/GH99 joint integrity. Mo and B inserts in SiCf/SiC-Ni-based superalloy joints provided microstructural control and reinforcement. These methodologies address the critical bottleneck of CTE mismatch-induced stress concentration, offering pathways to reliable CMC/superalloy hybrid structures for aerospace, energy, and propulsion applications. Challenges remain in scaling these techniques for industrial production and ensuring long-term stability under service conditions.
Nano-Micro Letters•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02007-5
Recent advancements in Zn-halogen batteries have focused on enhancing the adsorptive or catalytic capability of host materials and stabilizing complex intermediates with electrolyte additives, while the halogen-ion electrolyte modifications exhibit strong potential for integrated interfacial regulation. Herein, we design an electrically insulating rigid electrolyte container to immobilize a liquid halogen-ion electrolyte for separator-free Zn-halogen batteries with customizable electron transfer. Robust hydrogen bonding of hydroxyl groups in SiO2 with fluorinated moieties in PVDF-hfp regulates Zn2+ solvation and suppresses H2O activity, while multi-channels formed by microcracks and interparticle gaps not only enhance mass transfer but also buffer interfacial electric field, jointly enabling a durable Zn plating/stripping. Effective confinement of intermediates also ensures the high reversibility across single-(I−/I0), double-(I−/I0/I⁺), and triple-(I−/I0/I⁺, Cl−/Cl0) electron transfer mechanisms at cathode, as evidenced by the double-electron transfer systems exhibiting a low capacity decay rate of 0.02‰ over 4500 cycles at 10 mA cm−2 and a high areal capacity of 11.9 mAh cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2. This work presents a novel “container engineering” approach to halogen-ion electrolyte design and provides fundamental insights into the relationships between redox reversibility and reaction kinetics.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2026-41-03-08)
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have significant promise as large-scale energy storage devices due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, their application has been constrained by limited operational voltage windows. A high-voltage-resistant Ti-graphene-Ti cathode current collector (TGT) was designed and fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing. The surface of the TGT has a TixOy protective layer, which effectively suppresses electrolyte decomposition under high voltage conditions so that the voltage window of the battery is extended to 1.0–2.2 V without the obvious formation of by-products. Simultaneously, the graphene layer in the TGT structure significantly improves the adsorption and insertion/extraction kinetics of cations, resulting in a high specific capacity of 307.5 mAh g−1 and a prolonged cycling life of the battery. The resultant AZIBs have a stable charge/discharge performance over 400 cycles at a high voltage. Furthermore, the influence of the geometric arrangements of Ti and graphene in the 3D printing process on the energy storage mechanism was investigated and provided novel insight for the development of high-voltage-resistant composite cathode current collectors for AZIBs.
New Carbon Materials (新型炭材料)•2025•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(NCM2024-39-05-02)
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are used in electric vehicles and portable smart devices, but lithium resources are dwindling and there is an increasing demand which has to be catered for. Sodium ion batteries (SIBs), which are less costly, are a promising replacement for LIBs because of the abundant natural reserves of sodium. The anode of a SIB is a necessary component of the battery but is less understood than the cathode. This review outlines the development of various types of anodes, including carbon-based, metallic and organic, which operate using different reaction mechanisms such as intercalation, alloying and conversion, and considers their challenges and prospects. Strategies for modifying their structures by doping and coating, and also modifying the solid electrolyte interface are discussed. In addition, this review also discusses the challenges encountered by the anode of SIBs and the solutions.
China Foundry•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s41230-025-4265-0
Surface recrystallization (RX) is a typical grain defect observed in directionally solidified (DS) Ni-based superalloys. Most studies have focused on the RX behavior and its impact on the mechanical properties of single-crystal (SC) superalloys, with limited research on its influence on the high-temperature mechanical properties of DS superalloys. This study systematically investigated the effect of RX on the high-temperature tensile properties of a DS DZ409 superalloy. The results show that at 650 °C, the yield strength decreases almost linearly with an increase in RX fraction. A significant reduction in elongation is observed as the RX fraction increases from 0% to 4.9%. However, beyond this point, further increase in RX fraction leads to minimal changes in elongation. At 950 °C, both yield strength and elongation decrease as the RX fraction increases from 0% to 4.9%. At 650 °C, fractures in the RX DS superalloys exhibit a mixed mode of transgranular and intergranular cleavage fracture, while at 950 °C, it features a combination of ductile and intergranular dimple fractures. The failure mechanism of the RX DS superalloy is associated with the introduction of transverse grain boundaries (GBs) during RX. In the early stages of tensile testing at intermediate and high temperatures, cracks can easily initiate at these GBs. Subsequently, the cracks propagate along the GBs into the DS matrix, ultimately leading to failure of the DS superalloy.